Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammatory arthritis of the spine, causing pain, stiffness, and mobility limitations. During flares, when symptoms worsen, people with axSpA often experience increased pain and difficulty moving, making daily activities more challenging. This study aims to explore whether virtual reality (VR) exercise can help manage pain, improve movement, and support rehabilitation for axSpA patients during flares.
Participants will use a VR system to perform gentle exercises designed to encourage movement and reduce discomfort. Their spinal mobility will be measured using motion capture technology, and their experiences with VR will be assessed through questionnaires and interviews.
This research will help determine whether VR can be a practical and beneficial tool for axSpA rehabilitation, potentially offering a new way to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. The findings will guide future studies on using VR in healthcare settings for people with chronic pain conditions.
Confirmed diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).
Experiencing an active flare of axSpA within the last 6 months
Over 18 years of age.
History of major spinal surgery.
Pregnancy.
Severe vestibular disorders, visual, balance, neurological, or cardiovascular conditions that may affect mobility.
Parallel
Virtual reality head set.
Other interventionTennis game exercise using virtual reality head set
1. Change in spinal mobility
Spinal mobility will be assessed using range of motion (ROM) measured via motion capture system.
Change in movement velocity
Movement velocity of spinal flexion, extension, and rotation will be measured using a motion capture system. Peak angular velocity (degrees/second) will be recorded during standardised movement tasks and compared between baseline and one-month follow-up. Unit of Measure: Degrees/second
Change in kinesiophobia
Kinesiophobia will be measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). The scale ranges from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating greater fear of movement. Unit of Measure: TSK score (17-68; higher = worse)
Change in pain intensity
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater pain. Change from baseline to follow-up will be analysed. Unit of Measure: VAS score (0-10; higher = worse)
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