The goal of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a child life-based breathing exercise program for children recovering from severe pneumonia. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Is the child life-based breathing exercise program feasible for hospitalized children recovering from severe pneumonia? * Can the program improve caregiver satisfaction and promote recovery in children with severe pneumonia?
Researchers will compare a child life-based breathing exercise program combined with routine health education with routine health education alone to determine whether the intervention improves rehabilitation outcomes.
Participants will:
* Receive either routine health education alone or routine health education combined with the child life-based breathing exercise program * Participate in breathing exercise training during hospitalization * Complete assessments of caregiver satisfaction and clinical recovery outcomes, including improvement in chest imaging findings and time to resolution of symptoms such as cough, fever, and dyspnea.
Children aged 6-18 years.
Diagnosed with severe pneumonia and in the recovery phase.
Written informed consent is obtained from caregivers, and assent is obtained from children when appropriate.
Contraindications to breathing exercise, including: (a) hemodynamic instability (e.g., bradycardia or tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypotension or hypertension); (b) open sternal incision; (c) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); (d) acute phase of severe wheezing or stridor; and (e) severe pulmonary hypertension.
Communication disorders.
Parallel
routine health education + a Child Life-Based Breathing Exercise Program
BehavioralIn addition to routine health education, participants in the intervention group received a one-to-one respiratory training program based on a child life approach, delivered by the researcher.
routine health education
Behavioral(1) information on common causes, typical symptoms, disease stages, and risk factors of severe pneumonia; (2) basic knowledge regarding commonly used treatments, such as anti-infective therapy, oxygen therapy, and nebulization, as well as home observation strategies; (3) dietary guidance emphasizing light and easily digestible foods, adequate hydration, and nutritional support while avoiding overly sweet, greasy, or cold foods; and (4) education on body temperature monitoring, recognition of abnormal respiratory symptoms, basic airway clearance care, and maintenance of appropriate indoor temperature, humidity, and ventilation.
Caregiver Satisfaction
Caregiver satisfaction will be assessed 1 day before discharge using a 5-point Likert scale.
The resolution times of major symptoms and signs
The resolution times of major symptoms and signs, including cough, fever, and dyspnea, will be evaluated and recorded by the attending physicians according to clinical diagnostic and treatment criteria.
Improvement in chest imaging findings
Improvement in chest imaging findings will be tracked through the hospital information system throughout hospitalization and after discharge.
Completion rate
Proportion of participants completing the intervention
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