About this trial
This study will evaluate the effectiveness of flipped learning in an undergraduate physiotherapy and rehabilitation course on urogenital and maternal health. In flipped learning, students review digital learning materials before class, while class time is used for case discussions, problem-solving activities, group work, and clinical reasoning exercises.
Third-year physiotherapy and rehabilitation students enrolled in the Urogenital and Maternal Health in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation course will be invited to participate. The study will compare students' clinical decision-making and academic performance after conventional teaching and after flipped learning activities. Student satisfaction with the flipped learning method will also be assessed. In addition, individual interviews will be conducted with a subgroup of volunteer students to explore their learning experiences.
Participation in the research will be voluntary and will not affect course grades. The study involves educational activities, questionnaires, written assessments, and optional audio-recorded interviews; no medical intervention or biological sample collection will be performed. The findings may help improve student-centered teaching approaches in physiotherapy and rehabilitation education.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Enrolled as a third-year undergraduate student in the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department at Lokman Hekim University.
Registered for the "Urogenital and Maternal Health in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation" course during the study period.
Willing to participate voluntarily and able to provide informed consent.
Disqualifiers
Declines participation or withdraws consent at any stage of the study.
Attends fewer than half of the flipped learning sessions.
Does not complete the required research assessments.
Trial design
Single group
Treatments tested in this trial
Flipped Learning
Other interventionThe flipped learning intervention will be delivered during the second module of the "Urogenital and Maternal Health in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation" course. Before each class session, students will receive digital learning materials at least one week in advance, including recorded video lectures, readings, book chapters, articles, audio presentations, quizzes, and short assessment questions. Students will review the assigned materials before attending class. During class, the instructor will provide a brief 10-15-minute review of the topic, followed by active learning activities including case discussions, clinical problem-solving, group work, and clinical reasoning exercises. At the end of each session, students will complete a reflective practice form based on the Reflective Practice Cycle. The intervention will be implemented as part of the regular course curriculum. Participation in research-related assessments will be voluntary and will not affect students' course grades.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Clinical Decision-Making Skills
Clinical decision-making will be assessed using case-based written scenarios and OSCE-like clinical scenarios developed for the course content. Students will be asked to identify the clinical problem, select appropriate assessment methods, plan physiotherapy interventions, and justify their decisions. Responses will be scored using a structured rubric. Higher scores indicate better clinical decision-making performance.
Academic Achievement
Academic achievement will be assessed using 25-item, five-option multiple-choice knowledge tests developed for each course module. Each test will assess theoretical knowledge related to the relevant urogenital and maternal health topics. Higher scores indicate greater academic achievement.
Secondary outcomes
Student Satisfaction with Flipped Learning
Student satisfaction will be evaluated using a five-item questionnaire rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. The questionnaire will assess overall learning satisfaction, adequacy of digital learning materials, quality of in-class activities, participation and motivation, and preference for flipped learning compared with conventional teaching. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with the flipped learning approach.
Qualitative Learning Experiences
Semi-structured individual interviews will be conducted with approximately 8-12 volunteer students selected to represent different academic achievement levels. Interviews will explore students' experiences of conventional teaching and flipped learning, including perceived effects on clinical reasoning, preparation process, motivation, participation, challenges, and recommendations. Audio-recorded interviews will be transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Sponsors and contacts
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