Within 30 minutes before anesthesia, acupoint electrical stimulation at different frequencies were applied at Neiguan, Jian Shi, and Baihui. The changes in blood pressure during the anesthesia induction period were compared between the high-frequency group and the low-frequency group.
The age of the patients is 60 years or older;
Patients who are scheduled to undergo TAVR surgery under general anesthesia;
Body mass index less than 18 kg/m2 or greater than 30 kg/m2;
Hemodynamic instability (severe arrhythmia, decompensated heart failure);
Hypotension after admission requiring intervention with vasoactive drugs;
Severe liver or kidney dysfunction;
Parallel
electrical acupoint stimulation
Other interventionElectrical stimulation are administered at Neiguan, Jian Shi, and Baihui. The stimulation starts at 15 minutes before anesthesia induction and ends at 15 minutes after anesthesia induction.
The area under the curve representing the change in mean arterial pressure during the induction period relative to the baseline.
The MAP is continuously recorded by the DoCare Information System every 30 seconds. The AUC below baseline MAP is calculated as: ∑ (((Si - Sbaseline)+(Si-1 - Sbaseline))/2 × ΔX), where Sbaseline is the baseline MAP, Si is the MAP at minute i (i = 0.5, 1, 1.5, …, 15) after start of anesthesia induction, and ΔX is the time interval between measurements.
Incidence of hypotension during the induction period
The dosage of vasoactive drugs
The incidence of major complications (cardiovascular adverse events, acute kidney injury, delirium)
Length of hospital stay
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