The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in functional outcomes in patients with cerebral infarction following aquatic physiotherapy and aerobic exercises during the second stage of rehabilitation.
Muscle strength of 4-5 points, assessed using manual muscle testing.
Ability to walk independently or with the use of an assistive device.
Stable cardiovascular status, based on the results of a physician's examination and the participant's medical history.
First-ever cerebral infarction.
Muscle strength of less than 4 points, assessed using manual muscle testing.
Inability to walk independently or with the use of an assistive device.
Unstable cardiovascular status (uncontrolled arterial hypertension, angina --pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, and other contraindications).
Recurrent cerebral infarction.
Parallel
Aquatic physiotherapy
BehavioralAquatic physiotherapy will consist of a structured exercise program performed in water under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Each session will last 30 minutes and will be performed 3 times per week.
Aerobic exercises
BehavioralAerobic exercise will consist of a continuous 30-minute cyclical aerobic exercise session performed on a stationary bicycle under the supervision of a physiotherapist. The session will be performed 3 times per week.
Thirty-Second Sit-to-Stand Test
The Thirty-Second Sit-to-Stand Test will be used to assess lower-extremity muscle strength by measuring the number of complete sit-to-stand repetitions performed in thirty seconds. Minimum 0 repetitions, no fixed maximum; higher scores indicate better lower-extremity functional strength.
Six-Minute Walk Test
The Six-Minute Walk Test will be used to assess functional exercise capacity by measuring the distance walked during six minutes. Six-Minute Walk Test: minimum 0 meters, no fixed maximum; greater distances indicate better walking endurance.
Ten-Meter Walk Test
The Ten-Meter Walk Test will be used to assess walking speed by measuring the time required to walk ten meters. Minimum 0 seconds, no fixed maximum; lower completion times indicate better walking performance.
Barthel Index
The Barthel Index will be used to assess the patient's independence in activities of daily living. Minimum 0, maximum 100; higher scores indicate greater independence in activities of daily living.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index will be used to assess the patient's sleep quality and sleep disturbances. Minimum 0, maximum 21; higher scores indicate worse sleep quality.
Systolic Blood Pressure
Systolic blood pressure will be measured to assess the cardiovascular response to physical exercise. Measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg); no fixed minimum or maximum values; higher or lower values are not inherently better or worse, as interpretation depends on the clinical context.
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured to assess the cardiovascular response to physical exercise. Measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg); no fixed minimum or maximum values; higher or lower values are not inherently better or worse, as interpretation depends on the clinical context.
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