Game-Based Handwashing Education in Preschool Children
ConditionHandwashing Behavior
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age60-83
SponsorAfyonkarahisar Health Sciences University
About this trial
This study aims to evaluate the effect of a game-based handwashing education program, which will be developed based on the Health Belief Model, on the handwashing behaviors of preschool children. Preschool children are considered more vulnerable to respiratory and gastrointestinal infections due to their immature immune systems and close contact with peers in school settings.
Within the scope of this project, a game called "Clean Hands" will be developed and a game-based handwashing education program will be implemented. The study will be conducted using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design with children aged 60-83 months attending two preschools with similar demographic characteristics. Children will be assigned to intervention and control groups.
Children in the intervention group will participate in the developed game as a group activity once a week for eight weeks. The control group will not receive any game-based intervention during the study period; however, the same game will be provided to the control group after completion of the intervention sessions.
Data will be collected using teacher observation forms, parent observation forms, handwashing step sequencing assessment forms, and handwashing behavior discrimination assessment forms. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of effective game-based health education strategies for preschool children.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Participation in at least 80% of the planned 8 game sessions (at least 7 sessions)
Children aged 60-83 months enrolled in the preschool education institution where the research is conducted
Children who have the cognitive ability to understand the given instructions and who do not have any physical condition preventing them from performing handwashing behavior
Children for whom written parental consent for participation in the study has been obtained
Disqualifiers
Children outside the 60-83 months age range
Children with a physical disability that may prevent them from performing handwashing behavior
Children with cognitive impairments at a level that would make it difficult to understand the given instructions and actively participate in the game
Children for whom written parental consent for participation in the study has not been obtained
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Game-Based Handwashing Education
BehavioralThe intervention consists of the "Clean Hands" game-based handwashing education program developed based on the Health Belief Model. The intervention is designed for preschool children and includes game activities targeting perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and cues to action related to handwashing behavior. The game includes daily life scenario cards, handwashing step sequencing activities, joker cards, reminder prompts, and reward stickers. Before the intervention sessions, children will receive a brief handwashing orientation supported by visual materials and video demonstrations. The intervention will be implemented as a group activity once a week for eight weeks. Short reminder activities will be used throughout the intervention process to reinforce correct handwashing behaviors.
Treatment groups
108 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Experimental GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Standard of care groupNo intervention 0 interventions
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
The ability to independently and correctly sequence the steps of handwashing.
The ability to sequencing handwashing steps will be used as a performance-based assessment to determine the level at which children can perform handwashing behavior in the correct order and completeness. In this assessment, children will be given visual cards representing the steps of handwashing and will be asked to arrange these cards in order with the statement, "Now let's wash our hands. Which one do we do first when washing our hands? Can you arrange the cards in order?" 1 point will be given for each step in the correct order, and the total score obtained will reflect the children's handwashing skill level. The assessment will be conducted before the study, at the end of the study, and 3 months after the completion of the application. This form will be administered by the researchers.
Time frame
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention2
Children's Handwashing Behavior Discrimination Skill Score
The handwashing behavior discrimination skill of children will be evaluated using 20 picture cards containing correct and incorrect handwashing behaviors. Children will be asked whether the child in each picture is performing the behavior correctly. "Yes" responses will be scored as 1 point, while "No" and "I don't know" responses will be scored as 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating better handwashing behavior discrimination skills. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention
Time frame
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the interventionSecondary outcomes
1
Teacher-Reported Handwashing Behavior Score
The Teacher Observation Form was developed to evaluate children's handwashing initiation behaviors. The form includes situations that teachers can naturally observe during daily classroom routines, such as after toilet use, before meals, and after play activities. Teachers will respond to each item based on their own observations to determine in which situations children display handwashing behaviors in the school environment. The form includes the response options "yes," "no," and "not applicable." "Yes" responses will be scored as 1 point and "no" responses as 0 points. Items related to situations not encountered or not observable in the child's daily life (e.g., using school transportation or public transportation) will be marked as "not applicable" and excluded from the total score calculation. For each child, the handwashing behavior score will be calculated proportionally based on the observed items. The form will be completed by teachers at baseline, immediately after the inter
Time frame
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention2
Parent-Reported Handwashing Behavior Score
The Parent Observation Form will be used to evaluate both the situations in which children perform handwashing behaviors and how they perform these behaviors in the home environment. The form includes items related to daily life situations such as after toilet use, before/after meals, after returning home from outside, and after contact with animals. The response options are "yes," "no," and "not applicable." "Yes" responses will be scored as 1 point and "no" responses as 0 points. Items related to situations not encountered or not observable in the child's daily life (e.g., using school transportation or public transportation) will be marked as "not applicable" and excluded from the total score calculation. For each child, the handwashing behavior score will be calculated proportionally based on the observed items. The form will be completed by parents at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention.
Time frame
Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the interventionLocations
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov
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