SMART goal setting is a patient-led method that can help improve execution and facilitate behavioral changes. Functions such as diet tracking, interaction, and feedback in smartphone application may help enhance patient compliance. This study aims to explore the nutrition intervention measures of SMART goal setting combined with smartphone applications for daily self-management on the effect of improving diet quality of people with high blood pressure.
Age 20-70;
Hypertension diagnosis, or high blood pressure (SBP between 120-139 mmHg and/or DBP between 80-89 mmHg);
Eating an unhealthy diet (estimated DASH score < 6) ;
Owning a smartphone and able to operate it proficiently;
Severe cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, such as acute myocardial infarction, tachyarrhythmia, pulmonary edema, and severe aortic stenosis;
Acute phase of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases;
Uncontrolled blood pressure;
Diagnosed mental diseases or epilepsy;
Parallel
Goal setting with mobile-based self-management tool
BehavioralIn addition to the nutrition education provided to both groups, the participants of the intervention group will work with the dietitian to make behavior-change goals based on SMART goal setting strategy. They will also have access to diet tracking function and weekly report on smart phone application. The dietitian will also meet with the participants virtually to track their progress and provide suggestions.
Nutrition education
Other interventionThe control group will receive nutrition education about blood pressure management by the dietitian
Diet quality
Diet quality is measured by the DASH Score that includes eight dietary components to reflect the adherence to the DASH dietary pattern.
Blood pressure
Blood pressure will be measured at baseline visit and the follow-up visit after the 12-week intervention. Blood pressure will be measured using calibrated electronic blood pressure monitor.
Body Weight
Body weight will be measured by the bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Sleep Quality
Sleep quality will be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Depression
Depressive status will be measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9
Anxiety
Anxiety status will be measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.
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