This study will investigate the acute and chronic effects in hemodynamic and autonomic variables to high-intensity interval versus moderate-intensity continuous heated water-based exercise in older individuals with hypertension.
≥60 years old;
Hypertension diagnosed at least 6 months earlier (stage 1 or 2);
Antihypertensive drug treatment and without dosage alteration at least 3 months earlier;
Blood pressure inferior to 140/90 mmHg in medical office.
Non 100% participation;
Change (or stopped) clinical or drug treatment.
Parallel
High Intensity Interval Exercise in Heated Water-Based
Other interventionHigh intensity interval exercise will perform at controlled heated water-base (30 e 32 ºC). Subject will be submerged at the xiphoid process level. The session will consist in 4 min walking (warm-up) at 9 level of rate perceived exertion (RPE) scale, followed by 21 min of HIIE, alternating 1 min of jogging/running at 15-17 (hard-very hard) level with 2 min of walking at 9-11 (very light-fairly light) level of RPE.
Continuous Moderate Exercise in Heated Water-Based
Other interventionContinuous moderate exercise will perform at controlled heated water-base (30 e 32 ºC). Subject will be submerged at the xiphoid process level. The session will consist in 4 min walking (warm-up) at 9 level (light) of RPE, followed by 26 min of MICE, walking at 11-13 (fairly light)level of RPE.
Control Group
Other interventionCON session will perform at controlled heated water-base (30 e 32 ºC). Subject will be seated in a chair and submerged at the until xiphoid process level for 30 min.
Change from baseline Blood Pressure (Systolic and Diastolic) following 12 weeks of exercise.
Blood pressure will be assessed in resting (Omron HEM 7200®, Omron Healthcare Inc, Dalian, China) at the day of the sessions and using a 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (Cardio-Mapa ®, Cardios System Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil), at the baseline and after 12 weeks of exercise.
Effect of exercise in hemodynamic and autonomic variables assessed by endothelial function, arterial stiffness and heart rate variability
The arterial stiffness will be assessed by pulse wave velocity (Vicorder®, SMT Medical GmbH \& Co., Wuerzburg, Germany) as well the endothelial function by Endocheck®. The heart rate variability will be measure using (Polar RS800CX®,Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) and 24 hour HOLTER monitoring (Cardio-Mapa ®, Cardios System Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil). All the measurements will be assessed at the pre and post moments of exercise protocol.
Effect of exercise in functional capacity assessed by handgrip strength test.
The handgrip strength test will assessed using Jamar®. The purpose of this test is to measure the maximum isometric strength of the hand and forearm muscles. The participant will squeeze the dynamometer with maximum isometric effort, which is maintained for about 5 seconds.The test will be performed in a single day (pre and post 12 weeks of exercise).
Effect of exercise in functional capacity assessed by 5 times sit to stand test.
The 5 times sit to stand test will measure the time taken to perform 5 repetitions of rising from a standard chair without armrest (seat height of 46 cm) to a full upright position as quickly as possible and without assistance. The test will be performed in a single day (pre and post 12 weeks of exercise), following the sequence described below, and with a 3-minute rest interval between them.
Effect of exercise in functional capacity assessed by sit and reach test.
The sit and reach test (Wells®) will be used to assess the posterior thigh and lower back flexibility. The test will be performed in a single day (pre and post 12 weeks of exercise), following the sequence described below, and with a 3-minute rest interval between them.
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Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
Lead sponsor
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Collaborator
