Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) is an important cause of female infertility and is associated with poor ovarian response and lower pregnancy rates during In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). The molecular mechanisms underlying impaired follicular development in DOR remain incompletely understood. Increasing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs and components of the Hippo signaling pathway play important roles in granulosa cell proliferation, apoptosis, and follicular development.
This prospective observational cohort study aims to investigate the expression of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1 (NEAT1), microRNA (miRNA)-181a-5p, Hippo pathway components including Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF), and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) in follicular fluid-derived cells from women with DOR undergoing IVF compared with women with normal ovarian reserve. The study will also evaluate relationships among these molecular markers and IVF outcomes, including oocyte quality, number of retrieved oocytes, and embryo developmental potential.
Women undergoing In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) cycles.
Infertility duration of at least one year
Primary or secondary infertility.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Endometriosis.
Ovarian tumors or malignancy.
Severe systemic diseases affecting fertility.
Follicular fluid samples will be aspirated during ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval procedures. Blood-contaminated samples will be excluded. Samples will be centrifuged to separate follicular fluid from cellular pellets. Supernatants will be stored at -80°C for biochemical analysis. Cellular pellets will undergo ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein extraction. Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction will be performed using TRIzol reagent followed by complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) synthesis. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) will be used to measure NEAT1, miR-181a-5p, CTGF, and IGF1 expression levels. YAP1 protein expression will be analyzed using Western blotting.
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Expression levels of Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1 (NEAT1), microRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a-5p), Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1), and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF).
Assessment of gene and protein expression levels in follicular fluid-derived cells from women with Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) compared with controls.
Association Between NEAT1 and miR-181a-5p Expression
Evaluation of the relationship between NEAT1 and miR-181a-5p expression levels.
Association Between miR-181a-5p and Hippo Pathway Components
Assessment of correlations between miR-181a-5p and YAP1/CTGF expression.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) Levels in Follicular Fluid
Measurement of IGF1 levels and their association with molecular markers.
Association With IVF Outcomes
Number of retrieved oocytes
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