The study aimed to explore the link between urinary incontinence (UI) severity in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), electromyography (EMG) findings, and other relevant factors.
having an MS diagnosis according to the 2017 revised McDonald criteria,
experiencing symptoms of UI as defined by the International Continence Society (ICS),
having an EDSS score below 6.5,
PwMS with no communication issues.
PwMS who did not give consent to participate,
those with medication changes in the past 6 months,
pregnant PwMS,
recent vaginal or caesarean deliveries within 6 months,
Women diagnosed with MS will be included in the study.
Other
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Expanded disability status scale (EDSS)
The Expanded disability status scale (EDSS) will be assessed disability and progression in PwMS, with scores from 0 (normal neurological exam) to 10 (death from MS). Higher scores indicate greater disability.
Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score (NBSS)
Storage, voiding, and complication symptoms of neurogenic bladder will be assessed with the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score (NBSS), a 24-item questionnaire covering incontinence, storage and voiding, and outcomes.
International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF)
The frequency and amount of leakage will be assessed using a six-item scale, and urinary incontinence will be categorised into four groups: mild (1-5), moderate (6-12), severe (13-18) and very severe.
Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7)
Urinary symptoms' impact on daily activities was assessed with the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7). The 7-item Likert scale has a score range of 0-21, with higher scores reflecting an increased negative impact of incontinence on social functioning, quality of life, and physical activity.
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