The purpose of this study is to complete a neuromuscular performance assessment of high school athletes who are participating in school based pre-season strength and performance training program. The performance assessment will screen for existing muscle imbalances and strength deficits known to increase risk for sports injury, and provide a baseline performance measurement. Athletes will be measured before the start of the program and then again at the end of the pre-season training period to measure changes in motor coordination, muscle strength, and performance and injury risk category. Internal and external training load will be measured weekly during the training program to track intensity of the training program. In addition to the pre and post measurements, sports injury occurrence and time away from sports participation will be tracked throughout the sport season/school year to evaluate training program outcomes and accuracy of risk assessment.
athletes who have completed a pre-participation sports physical
are enrolled in a sports elective or a member of a sports team
have volunteered to participate in the study providing both verbal and written consent.
athletes who have not submitted a pre-participation sports physical to the high school training staff
student athletes who are currently suffering from an acute neuromusculoskeletal injury with restrictions on athletic participation
an athlete who has undergone surgery within a 3 month period of the program start date
an athlete who presents with a cardiovascular condition that would exclude exercise participation (systolic BP > 180, diastolic BP > 100)
High school athletes, ages 14 to 18, who are participating in an organized sports training program. The target subject enrollment is 250 high school athletes.
Cohort
Prospective
Pre-season strength and conditioning program
Other interventionThe structured physical performance assessment will include functional movement testing, motor coordination testing, joint mobility screen, muscle strength testing, and agility performance testing. These measures will assess the effectiveness of pre-season strength and conditioning program to reduce musculoskeletal impairments and increase resistance to injury.
Change in baseline movement quality as measured by the Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA).
The Selective Functional Movement Assessment is an assessment to score movement quality on 7 functional movements. The movement is categorically scored as: Functional and not painful (FN); Functional and painful (FP); Dysfunctional and not painful (DN); Dysfunctional and painful (DP)
Change in muscle strength testing as measured by hand held dynamometer.
Hand held dynamometer measures isometric force production in kilograms or pounds.
Change in baseline movement quality as measured by the Anterior reach of the Y Balance Test.
The Anterior reach of the Y Balance Test measures distance of limb reach in centimeters. Distance is compared from one side to the other to assess for symmetry. A difference of \> 4cm is a positive risk factor for lower extremity injury.
Change in baseline in motor performance as measured by the Single Leg Hop jump distance.
Single leg hop test measures hop distance in centimeters. Distance hopped is compared between limbs, comparing strength and power symmetry between the two limbs.
Number of participants who experience a musculoskeletal sports related injury.
Measuring occurrence of musculoskeletal injury that is reported by the athlete and/or impacts participation practice or playing time during the training and competition season. Number of missed days of practice and or sports competition will be recorded.
Intrinsic training load as measured by perceived effort of the training session (Rate of Perceived Exertion Scale)
Rate of Perceived Exertion Scale is a 0 to 10 scale that measures the perceived difficulty of a training sessions.
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