Developmental dyslexia is associated with persistent difficulties in reading automaticity. AUTO-DYS investigates whether a single, brief intervention using active prisms changes the complexity of nonlinear movement dynamics and reading automaticity in young adults with dyslexia. This single-center, prospective, non-randomized controlled study will enroll 66 adults aged 18-30 years: 33 with developmental dyslexia and 33 typical readers. All participants will undergo reading, postural-control, and working-memory assessments before and after an experimental period during one visit. Only participants with dyslexia will receive individually selected active prisms; typical readers will repeat the assessments without active prisms. The main hypothesis is that modifying tonic muscle distribution with active prisms is associated with increased dynamic complexity and improved reading automaticity in participants with dyslexia.
None
Optical correction exceeding ±0.75 diopters
known balance or psychiatric disorder
another diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder in the dyslexia group
any diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder or proprioceptive dysfunction in the control group
Parallel
Individually Selected Active Prisms.
DeviceIndividually selected active prisms (0.25-3 prism diopters) will be worn during post-intervention assessments by participants with dyslexia to modify tonic muscle distribution. The intervention will take place during one study visit.
Change in Detrended Fluctuation Analysis Alpha Coefficient
Change in detrended fluctuation analysis alpha coefficient (α-DFA), reflecting fractal self-similarity and the complexity and adaptability of nonlinear dynamics.
Change in High-Frequency Word Reading Effect
Change in the high-frequency word effect during silent reading, used to assess reading automaticity.
Change in Postural Sway Path Length Measured Using the Polhemus Tracking System
Change in postural displacement path length during single-leg standing, measured using the Polhemus tracking system.
Change in Pupil Diameter
Change in pupil diameter during standing balance tasks, measured with eye tracking.
Change in First Fixation Duration During Silent Reading
Change in first fixation duration during silent reading, measured with eye tracking..
Change in Gaze Duration During Silent Reading
Change in gaze duration during silent reading, measured with eye tracking.
Baseline Tonic Symmetry Assessed With the Podal Convergence Maneuver
Baseline assessment of tonic symmetry using the podal convergence maneuver.
Baseline Visual Scotoma Index (0-12)
Baseline visual scotoma index, reported on a 0-12 scale.
Baseline Proprioceptive Maddox Index (0-8)
Baseline proprioceptive Maddox index, reported on a 0-8 scale.
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