This prospective cohort study aims to constitute a 500-participant database and biobank including 450 adults with systemic autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis) and 50 healthy controls.
Adults ≥18 years
Patient followed as part of their MAI in one of the departments participating in the study at UHM
Confirmed diagnosis according to international criteria :ACR/EULAR 2010
Adults ≥18 years
Patients who have refused or are unable to give informed consent
Inability to follow the subject during the study period
Participation in another interventional study that includes an exclusion period that is still ongoing
Pregnant women
The study population includes 450 adults with autoimmune diseases: 150 with rheumatoid arthritis, 150 with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 150 with systemic sclerosis, diagnosed according to international classification criteria and followed within participating clinical departments at Montpellier University Hospital. An additional 50 healthy adults without autoimmune symptoms or first-degree family history of autoimmune disease serve as controls
Cohort
Prospective
Blood test and principal collection
Biological/VaccineA total of 62.5 mL of blood will be collected while fasting, using the following tubes: * one 2.5 mL PAXGene Blood RNA Tube * seven 6mL heparinised Tubes * two 6mL EDTA Tubes * one 6mL dry Tube As part of routine care for groups 1, 2, and 3, and specific to research for group 4: A biological research assessment (urine and blood): complete blood count, platelets, HbA1c, reticulocytes, schizocytes, haptoglobin, ionogram, troponin, NT-proBNP, calcium, CRP, creatinine, GFR, uric acid, ferritin, CPK, fasting blood glucose, albumin, serum protein electrophoresis, total bilirubin, γGT, ASAT, ALAT, PAL, TSH, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, B9, B12, HBV, HCV, HIV, CMV, EBV serology, antinuclear antibodies, DNA, ACPA, rheumatoid factor, C3, C4, proteinuria/creatininuria, urine strip test
Optional collection
Biological/VaccineThe optional collection will include: * stool sample (50 mL) * urine sample (50 mL) * saliva sample (2 mL)
Patient questionnaires
Other interventionFor groups 1 to 3 : Self-questionnaires will assess factors such as medical history, comorbidity exposure to toxic substances, occupational exposures, psychological and clinical factors. occupation and household income, as well as lifestyle habits (tobacco and alcohol consumption, possible drug use, sexual activity). Anxiety and depression environmental factors throughout life (diet, physical activity, sleep, contraception, sun exposure, pollution, noise, proximity to green spaces, etc.), 3-day food diary For group 4: Self-questionnaires will assess factors such comorbidity exposure to toxic substances, occupational exposures, psychological and clinical factors. occupation and household income, as well as lifestyle habits (tobacco and alcohol consumption, possible drug use, sexual activity). Anxiety and depression environmental factors throughout life (diet, physical activity, sleep, contraception, sun exposure, pollution, noise, proximity to green spaces, etc.), 3-day food diary
Examination
Other interventionGroup 1-RA: Capillaroscopy and optionnal Synovial microbiopsy Group 2-SLE: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optionnal skin biopsy and optionnal capillaroscopy Group 3-SSc: Capillaroscopy and optionnal skin biopsy Group 4: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and capillaroscopie. Optionnal skin biopsy and optionnal Synovial microbiopsy
AUC-ROC discriminant performance of multi-omic biomarkers
Discriminatory power (AUC-ROC) of biological markers measured using a multi-omic approach (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, epitranscriptomics, immunology, metabolomics) common to adult patients with autoimmune disease (AID), compared to adults without AID.
Characterization of Pathophysiological Mechanisms Through Multi-Omic and Spatial Immune Profiling
Immune signatures from blood and tissue samples (including synovial, skin, and other available biopsies) will be analyzed to determine disease-specific patterns and their discriminative capacity across autoimmune diseases. Immune cells, particularly macrophages, will be isolated and profiled using single-cell-based spatial analyses. Samples will undergo multi-omic characterization, including proteomic, transcriptomic, epitranscriptomic, immunological, and metabolomic analyses, to identify disease-specific molecular and cellular signatures.
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