About this trial
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most typical causes of anterior knee pain in adolescents and young adults under the age of 50.It is believed that imbalanced action between quadriceps components, is the most contributing cause of PFPS.Investigating exercises that increase VMO muscle activation and enhance the ratio between VMO and VL have been a standardized target in literature.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Both genders.
Body mass index (BMI) ranges from 18.5 to 29.9.
Age ranges between 18 and 30 years old.
Experience nontraumatic anterior knee pain.
Disqualifiers
Coexisting pathology around the knee, including patellar subluxation or dislocation.
Previous knee surgery.
Suspicion of patellar tendinopathy, with strong consideration of pain localised to the patellar tendon.
Patients didn't receive physiotherapy treatment or use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for knee pain in the previous 3 months.
Trial population
patients referred from orthopedic surgeon with diagnosis of PFPS
Trial design
Case-only
Cross-sectional
Treatments tested in this trial
Stretch Exercise
Other interventionTo stretch Tensor fascia lata muscle,each participant starts with side lying position with the tested limb upmost. The lower limb (non-tested) is kept in hip and knee flexion to ensure stability. The tested limb is then taken into hip extension and adduction with knee extended. The exercise is held for 60 seconds and repeated 5 times with 10 seconds break intervals.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
VMO muscle activity
VMO muscle activity during squat is assessed by EMG device
Secondary outcomes
VMO to VL ratio
Ratio between VMO and VL activity during squat
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