This prospective observational randomized study aims to determine energy, protein intake and gastrointestinal tolerance while using enteral nutrition formulas with very high protein content and enteral nutrition formulas with normal protein content.
* Differences regarding achieving protein and calorie daily targets when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content * Differences regarding residual gastric volume when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content * Differences regarding body composition when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content
Adult patients (>18 yrs) admitted to the ICU
Multiple trauma (Injury severity score > 18)
Intubation and mechanical ventilation upon admission in ICU or during the first 24 hours of admission, for at least 48 h
Age < 18 years
Pregnant women
Patients not intubated or not mechanically ventilated or receiving only non-invasive ventilation
Patients with enteral feeding contraindication 48 h after admission
Consecutive patients with multiple trauma intubated and mechanical ventilated, admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)
Cohort
Prospective
Medical food
Other interventionenteral formulas with different protein composition
Calorie and protein target
Differences regarding achieving protein and calorie daily targets in grams per kilogram of body weight (g/kg BW) at day 5 of the intervention period and at day 10 when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content
Calorie and protein target
Differences regarding achieving protein and calorie daily targets in grams per kilogram of body weight (g/kg BW) at day 5 of the intervention period and at day 10 when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content
Ultrasound-guided assessment of gastric residual volume
Differences regarding residual gastric volume when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content. Ultrasound assessment of gastric volume using a current model for GV assessment based on antral cross-sectional area (CSA) - GV (ml)1⁄427.0+14.6×right-lateral CSA (cm2)21.28×age (yr)
Ultrasound-guided assessment of gastric residual volume
Differences regarding residual gastric volume when using enteral nutrition formulas with different protein content. Ultrasound assessment of gastric volume using a current model for GV assessment based on antral cross-sectional area (CSA) - GV (ml)1⁄427.0+14.6×right-lateral CSA (cm2)21.28×age (yr)
Muscle function
Muscle function evaluation using handgrip dynamometer after extubation and sedation cessation
Muscle function
Muscle function evaluation using handgrip dynamometer after extubation and sedation cessation
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