About this trial
This cross-sectional case-control study aimed to determine whether there is a significant difference in the prevalence of impaired toilet training, LUTS, and functional bowel problems among children diagnosed with DCD and typically developing children (TDC).
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Diagnosed with DCD by a multidisciplinary team (DCD case group)
Children with a typical development, grade and gender matched with the DCD case group (TDC control group).
Disqualifiers
A DCD-Q score indicative for DCD (TDC control group)
Presence of other developmental disorders, such as ASS, ADHD or intellectual disability (TDC control group)
Trial population
Children with developmental coordination disorder and grade- and gender matched typically developing children.
Trial design
Case-control
Cross-sectional
Treatments tested in this trial
Vancouver symptom score for dysfunctional elimination symptoms Questionnaire
Other interventionVancouver symptom score for dysfunctional elimination syndrome, Dutch version, validated by 't Hoen et al. 2016. The questionnaire is filled in by the parents of the child.
Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire
Other interventionValidated Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, Dutch version includes assessment of motor functioning. The questionnaire is filled in by the parents of the child.
Questionnaire concerning impaired toilettraining and comorbities
Other interventionUnvalidated, complementary questions concerning impaired toilettraining and comorbidities. Questions were based on ICCS standardisation guidelines (Austin et al., 2015). The questionnaire is filled in by the parents of the child.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Impaired toilet training
Prevalence of impaired toilet training in children with DCD compared to TDC
Daytime incontinence
Prevalence of daytime incontinence at 5 years old in children with DCD compared to TDC
Enuresis
Prevalence of enuresis at 5 years old in children with DCD compared to TDC
Fecal incontinence
Prevalence of fecal incontinence at 4 years old in children with DCD compared to TDC
Secondary outcomes
Toilet training difficulties
Prevalence and amount of toilet training difficulties in children with DCD compared to TDC
General bladder and bowel dysfunction
Prevalence of LUTS, bowel problems or combined bladder and bowel dysfunction in children with DCD compared to TDC
Sponsors and contacts
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