Innate Immune Immunoparalysis and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Elderly Patients

Trial statusRecruiting
Trial phaseNot listed
Trial typeObservational
Biological sexAll
Age18+
SponsorHospital Universitari de Bellvitge

About this trial

This prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the role of innate immune immunoparalysis in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. Immunoparalysis will be assessed through monocyte HLA-DR expression and ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNF-α production.

The study will include three cohorts: elderly patients (≥65 years), younger adults (\<65 years), and healthy controls. The primary objective is to determine whether the presence, duration, intensity, and trend of immunoparalysis are associated with the incidence of VAP and other ICU-acquired infections. Secondary objectives include characterization of immunoparalysis dynamics, comparison of measurement methods, and evaluation of clinical outcomes.

Eligibility criteria

This trial accepts healthy volunteers

Qualifiers

≥18 years

Mechanical ventilation expected >48h

Intubation between 24h pre- and 48h post- ICU admission

Informed consent

Disqualifiers

Known severe immunosuppression, including primary immunodeficiency disorders, advanced HIV infection (AIDS), active hematological malignancy under treatment, recent chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy

High dose steroids at immunosuppressive doses

Active autoimmune disease

Pregnancy

Trial population

Critically ill adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours and admitted to the Intensive Care Unit will be consecutively screened for inclusion. The study will include two patient cohorts (≥65 years and 18-64 years), as well as a cohort of healthy adult volunteers serving as controls.

Trial design

Design model

Cohort

Time perspective

Prospective

Treatments tested in this trial

Not listed

Trial groups

170 Participants
are grouped into 3 trial groups
Group A: Elderly Mechanically Ventilated Patients (≥65 years)
Group B: Adult Mechanically Ventilated Patients (<65 years)
Group C: Healthy Non-Intubated Controls

Trial outcomes

Primary outcomes

1

Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)

Occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients, defined according to standard clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria.

Time frame
Up to 28 days after intubation

Secondary outcomes

1

Incidence of ICU-acquired infections

Occurrence of secondary infections acquired during ICU stay, including device-related infections and other nosocomial infections diagnosed according to standard clinical, microbiological, and radiological criteria.

Time frame
Up to 28 days after intubation
2

Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation

Total number of days under invasive mechanical ventilation during ICU stay.

Time frame
Up to 28 Days after intubation
3

All-cause mortality at 28 days

Death from any cause within 28 days after ICU admission.

Time frame
28 days after intubation
4

Evolution of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score

Change in SOFA score over time during ICU stay as a measure of organ dysfunction trajectory.

Time frame
From ICU admission to day 15 or ICU discharge, whichever occurs first.

Other outcomes

Sponsors and contacts

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