This study is a cross-sectional observational study designed to evaluate the diagnostic criteria for behavioral addictions (gambling, online video game disorder, screen addiction, food addiction, and pathological use of sex and/or pornography).
The main objective of this project is to explore the value of the "craving" criterion in the diagnosis of behavioral addictions.
Individuals reporting regular engagement in these different behaviors will be recruited through broad communication campaigns, with the aim of including participants across different levels of severity and thereby better assessing the importance of craving as a diagnostic criterion.
Value of the craving criteria will be evaluated based on:
1. its parameters derived from a two-parameter Item Response Theory (IRT) model, namely discrimination (a; the item's ability to distinguish between severity levels) and difficulty (b; the severity level at which the item has a high probability of being endorsed), considered relevant when the values exceed significant thresholds (discrimination \> 1 and difficulty within a specific range on the severity continuum); 2. its centrality within the network of criteria, as measured by four indices (strength, proximity, interdependence, and expected influence) from network analysis (NA).
Men/Women
Be over 18 years of age
No objection to participating in the study after receiving prior information
Regularly engage in at least one of the behaviors of interest (gambling, video games, eating, screen time, sex/pornography)
Difficulty understanding, reading, or writing in French
Being under legal guardianship or conservatorship, or under judicial protection
Severe somatic or psychiatric condition incompatible with understanding the assessment tools
Being pregnant
Participants will be recruited in two different ways: either through a public communication campaign using social media and posters promoting the study, or through the KANOPEE app.
Other
Cross-sectional
Questionnaires
Other intervention* the 9 DSM-5 criteria for gambling and video gaming, plus an item assessing craving (for a total of 10 criteria for these two behaviors), * the 11 DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder adapted to addictive behaviors (screen use, eating, and sex). The total time required to complete the online questionnaires is estimated to be between 5 and 15 minutes, depending on the number of behaviors reported by the participant.
Telephone interview
Other intervention* the 9 DSM-5 criteria for gambling and video gaming, plus an item assessing craving (for a total of 10 criteria for these two behaviors), * 11 DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder adapted to addictive behaviors (screen use, eating, and sex). The telephone interview will include additional questions from the Addiction Severity Index, covering all of its assessment domains except for the sections on legal issues and family history. This information will be supplemented by an assessment of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview's substance use disorder (SUD) assessment for substances used regularly. All of this data aims to establish a severity profile for each substance or addictive behavior reported as problematic by the participant, taking into account the associated medical, occupational, social, psychological, and consumption dimensions. The total duration of the telephone questionnaire administration is estimated to be between 30 and 60 minutes, depending on t
Discrimination parameter (a) of items, estimated with a 2PL IRT model
For each behavioral addiction studied (online gambling, video gaming, screen use, eating, sex/pornography use), the discrimination parameter (a) of all items will be estimated using a two-parameter (2PL) item response theory model.
Difficulty parameter (b) of items, estimated with a 2PL IRT model
For each behavioral addiction studied (online gambling, video gaming, screen use, eating, sex/pornography use), the difficulty parameter (b) of all items will be estimated using a two-parameter (2PL) item response theory model.
Discrimination parameter (a) of the craving criterion across behaviors
The discrimination parameter (a) of the craving criterion will be compared across behaviors (gambling, video games, screen use, eating, sex/pornography) and their subtypes.
Difficulty parameter (b) of the craving criterion across behaviors
The difficulty parameter (b) of the craving criterion will be compared across behaviors (gambling, video games, screen use, eating, sex/pornography) and their subtypes.
Network centrality of the craving criterion across behaviors
Centrality indices (strength, closeness, betweenness, expected influence) of the craving criterion will be compared across behaviors (gambling, video games, screen use, eating, sex/pornography) and their subtypes.
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