About this trial
This retrospective study constructs the largest multicenter registry of strabismus care in Japan. The registry evaluates real-world surgical and conservative treatment outcomes, safety, and natural history for various types of strabismus, including common, rare, and complex cases.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Patients diagnosed with strabismus who underwent clinical evaluation or management (including observation for natural history, conservative treatment, or surgery) at participating institutions.
Observation period for common strabismus: A restricted recent timeframe (e.g., the most recent 3 years) to minimize selection bias.
Observation period for rare and complex strabismus: Up to 10 years (January 1, 2016, to the date of Institutional Review Board approval) to secure an adequate sample size.
Disqualifiers
Patients who formally opted out of data utilization for this study.
Trial population
Patients diagnosed with strabismus who visited participating academic and high-volume eye centers in Japan for clinical evaluation, conservative treatment, or surgery.
Trial design
Cohort
Retrospective
Treatments tested in this trial
Strabismus Surgery
Procedure/SurgerySurgical correction of ocular deviation.
Conservative Treatment or Observation
Other interventionNon-surgical management, including clinical observation for natural history, prism therapy, or orthoptic treatment.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Success rate of ocular deviation correction and residual deviation angle
Assess the angle of ocular deviation and determine the success rate of clinical management (including observation for natural history, surgical, or conservative treatments) based on established clinical criteria.
Secondary outcomes
Recovery of binocular visual function
Evaluate binocularity using standardized clinical tests.
Predictive accuracy of the machine learning nomogram
Compare the predictive performance of the developed machine learning models against actual surgical outcomes.
Sponsors and contacts
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