About this trial
Guided by the process model of emotion regulation, integrative affect-regulation framework for resilience, and the reciprocal dynamics of emotion, affect, and resilience in the family system, researchers will develop a parallel intervention to incorporate two key members in Mainland-Hong Kong cross-boundary families: a parent and a child by improving their affect/emotion regulation skills, de-escalate family conflicts, and flourish under hardships. Specifically, researchers predict that participants in the intervention group will report greater improvement in resilience, emotion regulation, psychological well-being, family harmony, and social connectedness than those in the control group.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
have at least one child between the fifth and twelfth grade;
can participate in the intervention with their child;
are Hong Kong residents or have a family member who is a Hong Kong resident;
live in Shenzhen.
Disqualifiers
None
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Emotion Regulation Skills Training
BehavioralThis arm will receive training in emotion regulation skills, including mindfulness skills to help redeploy their attention, cognitive reappraisal skills to analyze stimuli or emotion-eliciting events from a more comprehensive perspective, situation change skills to regulate emotions by exposing oneself to nature, experiential acceptance skills through metaphor, and breathing techniques. They will also receive training in theories of the family emotion system.
Moderation in Consumer Electronics Use Training
BehavioralThis arm will be trained to moderate their and their family members' use of commercial electronics. They will do so by learning mechanisms behind addictions, family communication skills, and various substitute activities for commercial electronics usage.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Resilience
Participants' psychological resilience will be measured by the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Participants will report their perceived psychological resilience of self on a 5-point Likert scale (0 = strongly disagree; 4 = strongly agree). Higher total scores indicate higher levels of psychological resilience.
Cognitive Emotion Regulation
Participants' use of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies will be measured by corresponding subscales of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). The study will employ five subscales, including acceptance, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal, and putting into perspective, as these strategies are the targets of the intervention. Each subscale includes four items. Participants will report their use of each strategy on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = almost never; 5 = almost always). Higher scores for each subscale indicate more use of the corresponding cognitive emotion regulation strategy.
Behavioral Emotion Regulation
Participants' use of adaptive behavioral emotion regulation strategies will be measured by corresponding subscales of the Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ). The study will employ two subscales (seeking distraction and putting into perspective) as these strategies are the targets of the intervention. Each subscale includes four items. Participants will report their use of each strategy on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = almost never; 5 = almost always). Higher scores for each subscale indicate more use of the corresponding behavioral emotion regulation strategy.
Affective Experiences
Participants' affective experiences will be measured by the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I-PANAS-SF). Participants will report their experienced positive and negative affect on a 10-item, 5-point Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always). Higher scores indicate higher levels of positive or negative affect.
Secondary outcomes
Family Resilience
Participants' family resilience will be measured by the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire Short Version (WFRQ-9). Participants will report their perceived family resilience on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = rarely/never; 5 = almost always), with higher scores indicating higher levels of family resilience.
Family harmony
Participants will complete the 8-item Family Harmony Scale. Participants will report their perceived level of family harmony on this 8-item, 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree). Higher scores indicate higher levels of family harmony.
Parent-Child Conflicts
Participants' recent conflicts with their children or parents will be measured by two single-item scales. Participants will report their frequency of conflicts on one scale and the intensity on another. Each scale ranges from one (no conflicts) to five (four or more times of conflicts or very severe conflicts).
Parenting Self-Efficacy
Parents will report their parenting self-efficacy on the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. Participants will indicate their perceived self-efficacy in parenting activities on a 17-item, 6-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 6 = strongly agree). Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-efficacy in parenting.
Other outcomes
Sense of Community
Participants will report their sense of community on the Brief Sense of Community Scale (BSCS). The measurement includes four subscales: needs fulfillment, group membership, influence, and shared emotional connection. Participants will report their perceived sense of community of self on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree). Higher scores indicate participants' higher sense of community.
Sponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
City University of Hong Kong
Lead sponsor
The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust
Collaborator
International Social Services Hong Kong Branch
Collaborator