The investigators will conducted a hospital-based cohort study in our 15-year experience with DA aimed at investigating the long-term outcomes of the patients with DA, along with analyzing the impact of the tumor characteristics, operations and adjuvant therapy on survival outcomes.
None
had other gastrointestinal cancer;
had incomplete medical records, or lost follow-up shortly after diagnosis;
refused clinical data collection.
The patients included in this study were drawn from a hospital-based cohort and included cases diagnosed and treated at the facility. Inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed non-ampulla DA, including all stages of disease at diagnosis. Patients were excluded if they had ampulla cancer or other forms of gastrointestinal cancer, had incomplete medical records, or lost follow-up shortly after diagnosis. This rigorous selection process ensured the homogeneity of the study population and the relevance of the findings to non-ampulla DA.
Cohort
Retrospective
Radical operation and perioperative therapy
Procedure/SurgerySurgical intervention, particularly radical excision, was performed for each patient, including the extent of resection and lymph node dissection. Information on adjuvant therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, was also recorded, specifying the regimens and durations.
Median overall survival time
Median survival is the time it takes half of the individuals in a given study population to reach or exceed a particular end event, calculated from the time an event occurred. Median survival is a statistical index describing the distribution of survival time.
3-year overall survival rate
Three-year survival rate, also known as survival rate, refers to the number of patients with a disease who are still alive at the end of three years of follow-up as a percentage of the number of cases observed
5-year overall survival rate
Five-year survival rate, also known as survival rate, refers to the number of patients with a disease who are still alive at the end of five years of follow-up as a percentage of the number of cases observed
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