About this trial
Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) comprises a group of rare genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes essential for pain sensing in humans. Among these, Marsili syndrome is caused by a dominant point mutation in the transcription factor ZFHX2, and it is characterized by markedly reduced sensitivity to noxious heat, mechanical injury, while other functions remain intact. this project aims to establish the first integrated, system-level characterization of Marsili syndrome by combining human sensory phenotyping with neurophysiological and molecular analyses. The study will be conducted in two sessions of approximately 4 hours each, 24 hours apart from each other
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Healthy men and women aged 18-80 years
Marsili syndrome
Speak and understand English
Disqualifiers
Pregnant or breastfeeding
Current regular use of cannabis, opioids, cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA/ecstasy, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, hallucinogens, or other central nervous system-active recreational drugs.
Current use of prescription medication that may significantly affect pain perception, itch perception, cortical excitability, or inflammatory responses, including opioids, antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, systemic corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive medication.
Current or previous neurological disease, including epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, or other degenerative neurological disorders.
Trial design
Single group
Treatments tested in this trial
Histamine
Other interventionTo deliver histamine, standard allergy skin prick test (SPT) lancets are applied
Cowhage (Mucuna Pruriens)
Other interventionThe spicules will be manually inserted. Approximately 30-35 spicules are gently rubbed into a 1 cm diameter skin area on the forearm
Capsaicin 8% Patch
DrugCapsaicin patches (2x2 cm, dosage form: transdermal patch 8%) will be applied on the selected area. The patch will be left in place for 30 minutes after which it will be removed.
Knee Injections of hypertonic saline
Other interventionExperimental knee pain will be induced with a 0.25-0.30 mL bolus injection of 5% hypertonic saline, which will be injected into the dominant Infrapatellar Fat Pad (IFP)
Cold Pressure Test
Other interventionParticipants will be asked to place their hand in the cold-water tank (temperature around 5°C) and to keep it for as long as they can tolerate it.
Computerized Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM)
Other interventionCPM will be assessed using a double-cuff.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Measuring pain by computerized Visual Analog Scale Scoring
We will ask the subjects to rate the sensation of pain on a scale from 0 to100, where 0 represents no pain and 100 represent the worst imaginable pain.
Measuring pain by computerized Visual Analog Scale Scoring
We will ask the subjects to rate the sensation of pain on a scale from 0 to100, where 0 represents no pain and 100 represent the worst imaginable pain.
Measuring Itch by computerized Visual Analog Scale Scoring
We will ask the subjects to rate the sensation of itch on a scale from 0 to100, where 0 represents no itch and 100 represent the worst imaginable itch.
Measuring Itch by computerized Visual Analog Scale Scoring
We will ask the subjects to rate the sensation of itch on a scale from 0 to100, where 0 represents no itch and 100 represent the worst imaginable itch.
Secondary outcomes
Superficial blood perfusion
Superficial blood perfusion (SBP) is measured by a Speckle contrast imager
Superficial blood perfusion
Superficial blood perfusion (SBP) is measured by a Speckle contrast imager
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS).
The PCS assesses negative and exaggerated coping concerning anticipated or experienced painful stimuli. Thirteen items have to be answered on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (all the time).
Itch Catastrophizing Scale (ICS).
The ICS assesses negative and exaggerated coping concerning anticipated or experienced itchy stimuli. Thirteen items have to be answered on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (all the time).
Other outcomes
Genomic DNA isolation
Isolation will be performed using a validated commercial kit
MicroRNA assessment
The total circulating miRNA will include the evaluation of circulating markers through targeted Next-Generation Sequencing
Proteome assessment
Quantitative proteome analysis will be performed using mass spectrometry
Sponsors and contacts
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