This research will use biobehavioral approaches to generate understanding about the linkages between sleep duration and timing, stressful life events, and depressive symptoms in adolescents, with a long-term aim of developing effective preventative interventions.
14-18 years of age
Currently in high school
short and late sleep (weekday sleep duration ≤ 7 h and bedtime ≥ 22:30 (10:30 pm); n=100) or long and early sleep (weekday sleep duration > 7 hours and bedtime ≤ 22:30 (10:30 pm); n=50), indexed by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire
Lifetime stressful event frequency ≥ 2 on the Stress and Adversity Inventory (STRAIN) Screener
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for current moderate to severe alcohol/substance use disorder (≥4 symptoms);
Current clinician-provided diagnosis of narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia;
Lifetime diagnosis of bipolar or schizophrenia spectrum disorder;
Certain medical conditions (e.g., serious neurological disorder, heart failure or serious heart trouble, history of head injury with unconsciousness > 5 minutes);
Parallel
Sleep extension and advance
BehavioralParticipants in the sleep extension and advance condition will maintain a stable sleep schedule that extends sleep duration and advances bedtime by 90 min relative to weekday bedtime. This chronotherapeutic manipulation will include blocking phase-delaying light in the evening using goggles with orange lenses ("blue blockers") beginning 2 h prior to bedtime, and 30 min of 506 lux blue-green light exposure in the morning beginning at rise time using bright light goggles (ReTimer Pty Ltd., Australia). Schedule and chronotherapy adherence will be reinforced using motivational techniques (e.g., securing motivation, preplanning, problem-solving), requiring participants to text the study coordinator and complete morning assessments at rise time, and monetary incentives.
Regular sleep duration and timing
BehavioralParticipants in the regular sleep duration and timing condition will keep a stable sleep schedule that matches their typical weekday sleep opportunity and timing. Schedule adherence will be reinforced using motivational techniques (e.g., securing motivation, preplanning, problem-solving), requiring participants to text the study coordinator and complete morning assessments at rise time, and monetary incentives.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Depression Scale - Short Form (8-item)
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scale for Depression (8-item short form) will be administered at baseline, after each 2-week interval of intensive monitoring, and at follow-up, in reference to the past 7 days. The measure uses 5-point Likert scales, with scores ranging from 8 to 40 and higher scores indicating higher depression and lower scores indicating better outcome. Raw scores are converted to standardized T-scores using conversion tables published on the PROMIS website (nihpromis.org). T-scores of 50 represent the mean of the standardized sample.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Positive Affect Scale - Short Form (8-item)
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)scale for Positive Affect (8-item short form) will be administered at baseline, after each 2-week interval of intensive monitoring, and at follow-up, in reference to the past 7 days. The measure uses 5-point Likert scales, with scores ranging from 8 to 40 and higher scores indicating higher positive affect and better outcome. Raw scores are converted to standardized T-scores using conversion tables published on the PROMIS website (nihpromis.org). T-scores of 50 represent the mean of the standardized sample.
Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS)
The Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) will be used to assess state anhedonia related to 4 domains: hobbies, food/drink, social activities, and sensory experience. The 17-item measure assesses hedonic experiences "right now" using 4-point Likert scales. The DARS has high reliability and good convergent and divergent validity. The DARS scores range from 0 to 68, with higher scores indicating lower anhedonia and better outcome.
Reward-related brain function
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task will be used to measure blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) regional response and functional connectivity related to anticipation and receipt of monetary rewards. This task reliably elicits activation in neural reward circuitry and is sensitive to depression and sleep/circadian factors.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
University of Oregon
Lead sponsor
Oregon Research Institute
Collaborator
University of Pittsburgh
Collaborator
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Collaborator
