Mental Health and Innovation for French Higher-education Students

Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1)

The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1) is an 18-item self-report questionnaire developed by Kessler and colleagues in collaboration with the World Health Organization to screen for ADHD symptoms in adults, based on DSM-IV/DSM-5 criteria. Each item is rated on a 5-point frequency scale from 0 ("Never") to 4 ("Very Often"). Part A (the first six items, most predictive of an ADHD diagnosis) ranges from 0 to 24, with a score of 14 or higher generally considered a positive screen; Part B (the remaining twelve items) ranges from 0 to 48; and the combined total score ranges from 0 to 72. Reference: Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Jin, R., Secnik, K., Spencer, T., Ustun, T. B., \& Walters, E. E. (2005). The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 245-256.

Social Provisions Scale (SPS-10)

The Social Provisions Scale (SPS-10) is a 10-item self-report instrument developed by Caron (2013) as a brief version of Cutrona and Russell's (1987) original 24-item Social Provisions Scale, designed to assess perceived social support across dimensions such as attachment, social integration, reassurance of worth, guidance, and reliable alliance. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 ("Strongly Disagree") to 4 ("Strongly Agree"), producing (cite index="30-1"\>a total score ranging from 10 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived social support\</cite\>. Reference: Cutrona, C. E., \& Russell, D. W. (1987). The provisions of social relationships and adaptation to stress. In Advances in Personal Relationships (Vol. 1, pp. 37-67). JAI Press; Caron, J. (2013). Un outil de mesure du soutien social: Le Questionnaire de Support Social - version abrégée (QSS-8) et l'Échelle de provisions sociales (EPS-10 items). Santé mentale au Québec.

Physical health - sport activitites, health-service use

Derived from The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), developed by Kowalski, Crocker, and Donen (2004), is a self-administered 7-day recall instrument assessing general physical activity in adolescents aged 14-19. It contains 9 items rated on a 5-point scale, with the final score calculated as the mean of items, yielding a score from 1 (low activity) to 5 (high activity). The child version, PAQ-C, uses the same logic for ages 8-14. Reference: Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R. E., \& Donen, R. M. (2004). Derived from The Health Care Utilization Questionnaire (HCUQ) is an interview-based tool assessing health care resource use over a recall period (often six months), covering items like physician visits, ER visits, hospital days, and medication use. Unlike psychometric scales, it has no fixed total score - each item is a raw count with no upper bound, and scoring varies by study. Reference: LIFE Study HCUQ v1.1, National Institute on Aging Aging Research Biobank.

Academic experience -

The Academic experience measure used in this context is derived from Reynolds' (1988) Academic Self-Concept Scale but adapted with open-ended questions rather than the original 4-point Likert-scale items. As such, it does not yield a standardized numeric min/max score like the original 40-item version (1 to 4, averaged); responses are instead analyzed qualitatively (e.g., through thematic or content coding). Reference: adapted from Reynolds, W. M. (1988). Measurement of academic self-concept in college students. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(2), 223-240.

Socio-demographic and educational

A derived form of The Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Socioeconomic Status, developed by Hollingshead (1975), estimates an individual's or household's socioeconomic status by combining education and occupation scores (weighted for the participant and spouse where applicable), (cite index="124-1"\>with total scores ranging from 8 to 66, reflecting social stratification in contemporary society\</cite\>. In this study, a derived version adapted into French was used, drawing on the same education and occupation weighting principles as the original but reformulated to fit the French educational and occupational classification system rather than the original American categories. Reference: Hollingshead, A. B. (1975). Four Factor Index of Social Status. Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, CT.

Quality of life and well-being : The World Health Organization Quality of Life - Brief (WHOQOL-BREF)

The World Health Organization Quality of Life - Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 26-item self-report instrument developed by the WHOQOL Group as an abbreviated version of the WHOQOL-100, assessing quality of life across four domains: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment, plus two standalone items on overall quality of life and general health. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale from 1 to 5, and (cite index="133-1"\>domain raw scores range from 7 to 35 for Physical Health, 6 to 30 for Psychological, 3 to 15 for Social Relationships, and 8 to 40 for Environment, with a total raw score ranging from 26 to 130\</cite\>; domain scores are commonly transformed to a 0-100 scale for easier interpretation, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. Reference: The WHOQOL Group (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychological Medicine, 28(3), 551-558.