Midwife-Led Antenatal Perineal Massage Education in Primiparous Pregnant Women
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexFemale
Age18-35
SponsorAtlas University
About this trial
This study aims to evaluate the effect of midwife-led antenatal perineal massage education on pregnancy empowerment, self-efficacy for normal birth, and fear of childbirth among primiparous pregnant women. The study is designed as a controlled quasi-experimental study and will be conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of Silifke State Hospital in Mersin, Turkey.
Eligible participants will be primiparous pregnant women aged 18-35 years, between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation, with a singleton pregnancy and a plan for vaginal birth. Participants in the intervention group will receive structured antenatal perineal massage education led by a midwife, in addition to routine antenatal care. Participants in the control group will receive routine antenatal care.
The primary outcome will be pregnancy empowerment. Secondary outcomes will include self-efficacy for normal birth, fear of childbirth, knowledge and preferences regarding antenatal perineal massage, and adherence to antenatal perineal massage practice.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Women aged 18 to 35 years
At least primary school graduates
Able to communicate in Turkish
Between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation
Disqualifiers
Having an indication for planned cesarean section
History of perineal surgery
Presence of active genital infection or genital lesion
Cognitive, communication-related, or psychiatric condition that may prevent completion of the study forms
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Midwife-Led Antenatal Perineal Massage Education
BehavioralThe intervention is a structured midwife-led antenatal perineal massage education program delivered to primiparous pregnant women in the third trimester. The educational content includes the importance of pelvic health, preparation for antenatal perineal massage, antenatal perineal massage technique, and maintenance of pelvic health. The program is designed to improve knowledge and practice regarding antenatal perineal massage and to support pregnancy empowerment, self-efficacy for normal birth, and reduction of fear of childbirth.
Treatment groups
152 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Control GroupNo intervention 0 interventions
Group B: APM Education GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Change in Pregnancy Empowerment
Pregnancy empowerment will be assessed using the Pregnancy Empowerment Scale. The outcome will be evaluated by comparing scores between baseline and post-intervention assessment. Higher scores indicate higher pregnancy empowerment.
Time frame
Baseline and 4 weeks after completion of the education programSecondary outcomes
1
Change in Self-Efficacy for Normal Birth
Self-efficacy for normal birth will be assessed using the Self-Efficacy Scale for Normal Birth. The scale will be administered at baseline and 4 weeks after completion of the education program. Change in self-efficacy for normal birth will be evaluated by comparing baseline and post-test scores. Higher scores indicate higher perceived self-efficacy for normal birth.
Time frame
Baseline and 4 weeks after completion of the education program2
Change in Fear of Childbirth
Fear of childbirth will be assessed using the Childbirth Attitudes Scale. The scale will be administered at baseline and 4 weeks after completion of the education program. Change in fear of childbirth will be evaluated by comparing baseline and post-test scores.
Time frame
Baseline and 4 weeks after completion of the education programOther outcomes
1
Immediate Change in Antenatal Perineal Massage Knowledge
Antenatal perineal massage knowledge will be assessed using the Antenatal Perineal Massage Knowledge and Preference Form developed for this study. The form will be administered at baseline and immediately after completion of the education program. Immediate change in knowledge will be evaluated by comparing baseline and immediate post-intervention scores. Higher scores indicate higher knowledge regarding antenatal perineal massage.
Time frame
Baseline and immediately after completion of the education programSponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov
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