About this trial
This study will evaluate the Heartfelt device, a novel, passive monitoring system that detects early signs of fluid build-up in patients (oedema) with heart failure by measuring changes in foot and lower leg volume through capture of 3D images. The trial will assess whether this device, when added to standard NHS care, improves quality of life and reduces heart failure-related events compared to standard care alone.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Aged ≥18 years, AND
Diagnosis of heart failure (any aetiology or LVEF classification), AND
Documented or patient-reported moderate to severe leg oedema, AND
Lives in the UK with a home environment suitable for installation of the Heartfelt device
Disqualifiers
Amputation of both feet
Bed-bound for more than 20h per 24h period
Bandages to lower limbs every day
Regular wheelchair user inside their home
Trial design
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
Installation of Heartfelt Device
DeviceDevice installed in the patient's home and capturing foot volume data which are processed in the cloud.
Enhanced Standard care
Other interventionPatients with heart failure are advised to weigh daily and to report weight increase to their clinician. They should also report changes in breathlessness, tiredness and other symptoms associated with heart failure decompensation. At the start of the study, they will be reminded (or told) about the importance of self-checks and will be handed a patient booklet (from the British Heart Foundation) to standardise patients' knowledge.
Questionnaires
Other interventionPatients are presented with one or more optional questionnaires (some validated, some bespoke)
Heartfelt device alerting system
DeviceThe Heartfelt device sends alerts on the active comparator arm to the patients directly (audio-visual alert on the device, and app alerts), carers and/or medical professionals.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Composite Clinical Events
Unplanned hospital attendance (clinic, emergency, or admission) or death due to heart failure, cardiovascular, respiratory, or renal causes. Recurrent events will be included and adjudicated, providing a comprehensive measure of clinical deterioration over 12 months.
Health-Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L)
Patient-reported quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L, collected at baseline and follow-up (3, 6, 9, 12 months), with primary analysis at 12 months. This validated instrument captures overall health status across five domains and includes a visual analogue scale. * Measured using the EQ-5D-5L index * Collected at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. * Primary time point: 12 months. EQ-5D-5L responses will be converted to utility scores on a scale from -0.59 to 1, where 1 represents the best health state, using the UK EQ-5D-5L value set. Patients with at least two or more utility scores during follow-up will be included in the analysis.
Secondary outcomes
Days Lost to Hospitalisation or Death
Total number of days lost due to hospitalisation for cardiovascular, respiratory, or renal conditions, or due to all-cause mortality.
Daily Data Availability
Proportion of days with successful data capture from the Heartfelt device and weighing scales, based on device-generated records or contemporaneous self-report.
Guideline-Recommended Medication Score
Adherence to guideline-recommended heart failure medications will be assessed using a guideline-recommended medication score, calculated at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months and averaged across these time points. The score is based on the number of eligible medication classes prescribed, with 1 point assigned per class (e.g., ACEi/ARB/ARNI, beta-blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist \[MRA\]). The score ranges from 0 to 3, with 3 being the optimal medication score. The score is adjusted for patient eligibility: will be calculated only for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
All-Cause Hospitalisations
Number of hospitalisations from any cause, analysed as recurrent events and adjusted for the competing risk of death.
Sponsors and contacts
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Heartfelt Technologies
Lead sponsor
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
Collaborator
University of Glasgow
Collaborator