About this trial
Can a multicomponent exercise program significantly improve physical and cognitive function and reduce fall rates among nursing home residents? To address this question, the present study aims to compare the effectiveness of a multicomponent exercise program with a stretching and relaxation program in nursing home residents.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Ability to ambulate (with or without assistance);
Ability to perform chair stands (with or without assistance);
Ability to understand and properly follow testing procedures.
Disqualifiers
Any contraindication that precludes exercise performance or testing procedures, including terminal illness, uncontrolled disease, or other unstable medical conditions;
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score < 3 points;
Participation in any exercise intervention within the past 3 months;
Simultaneous participation in another clinical trial during the study;
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Multicomponent exercise intervention
Other interventionTwice-weekly for the 12-week duration. The exercise intervention will take place at the nursing homes and consists of 12 weeks of supervised multicomponent exercise training, performed twice weekly on nonconsecutive days to avoid overtraining and fatigue. Each session will last 50-60 min and consist of a warm-up, progressive resistance and power exercises combined with aerobic and balance activities, and a 5-min cool-down period (stretching and flexibility movements). The exercise protocol will follow the Global Consensus on Optimal Exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults.
stretching and relaxation program
Other interventionTwice-weekly for the 12-week duration. The active control Program consist of stretches, deep breathing and relaxation techniques, general (light intensity) physical activity in the sitting position.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Change from Baseline on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPBB)
The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a standardized assessment tool of lower limb function, testing 3 dimensions: standing balance, walking speed, and chair stands. Each component is scored between 0-4, total score from 0 (poor performance) to 12 (best performance).
Secondary outcomes
Change from Baseline on Timed Up and Go (TUG)
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) is a standardized assessment of functional mobility. Briefly, the participants will be instructed to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters at their usual pace, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The time taken to complete the task will be recorded and used as outcome, with longer durations representing poorer functional mobility.
Change from Baseline on Handgrip test
Handgrip strength will be obtained with a Digital hand dynamometer (Sammons Preston Inc., Bolingbrook, Illinois, USA). Measurements will be carried out following the American Society of Hand Therapists recommendations, and each participant will perform three attempts with a pause of 15s between trials
Falls rate
The number of self-reported falls during the 12-week intervention period (i.e., rate of falls) and follow-up (without intervention).
Change from baseline in global cognitive function as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief, standardized cognitive screening tool, that assesses multiple cognitive domains (global cognitive function), including attention, executive functions, memory, language, visuospatial abilities, abstraction, calculation, and orientation. The test consists of a 30-point scale and typically requires approximately 10 minutes to administer. Higher scores indicate better cognitive performance.
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