About this trial
Endotracheal intubation is a critical airway management procedure that frequently requires adjunctive devices, such as stylets or elastic bougies, to facilitate successful tube placement. Although videolaryngoscopy has become increasingly common, access to videolaryngoscopes remains limited in certain clinical settings, particularly in prehospital and resource-constrained environments. Consequently, stylets and bougies continue to play an essential role in airway management. To address this need, we developed a novel integrated tube-bougie prototype that combines the guidance function of an elastic bougie with an endotracheal tube into a single device.
This prospective, randomized, crossover simulation study is designed to compare the performance of the integrated tube-bougie prototype with conventional stylet-assisted and elastic bougie-assisted endotracheal intubation. Emergency medicine residents will perform intubations using all three techniques in both normal and difficult airway simulation scenarios according to a randomized crossover sequence.
The primary outcome is the time to successful endotracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes include first-attempt intubation success, perceived procedural difficulty assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), incidence of esophageal intubation, dental trauma, and evaluation of the learning curve using cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis.
The findings could contribute to the development of alternative airway assistive equipment for emergency airway management and training.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Professional Status: Being an Emergency Medicine Resident actively undergoing specialty training at the University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli City Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine.
Voluntary Participation: Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study and providing written informed consent prior to enrollment.
Postgraduate year (PGY) 1-4 residents.
Willing and able to provide written informed consent.
Disqualifiers
Refusal to Participate: Declining to participate or refusing to provide written informed consent.
Physical or Neurological Limitations: Having any pre-existing physical, motor, or neurological impairment that could interfere with manual dexterity, procedural performance, or airway management simulation (e.g., hand injuries, tremors, etc.).
Inability to complete all study procedures.
Trial design
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
EPATS (Integrated Tube-Bougie Prototype)
DeviceThe novel integrated tube-bougie prototype developed for endotracheal intubation.
Standard gum elastic bougie
DeviceStandard gum elastic bougie used as an intubation adjunct.
Standard stylet
DeviceStandard intubating stylet used as an intubation adjunct.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Time to successful endotracheal intubation
The insertion and removal time (seconds) of the laryngoscope from the mouth will be recorded.
Secondary outcomes
First Pass Success (FPS)
Successful endotracheal intubation without removing the laryngoscope from the mouth. Attempts exceeding 60 seconds will be considered unsuccessful.
Difficulty Assessment (VAS)
The practitioner's difficulty perception will be measured using a 0-100 mm visual analog scale.
Complications (Dental trauma and Esophageal intubation)
Complications for each procedure (dental trauma and esophageal intubation) will be determined by the researchers.
Learning Curve (CUSUM)
For each participant, success/failure data will be used for analysis; this analysis will be considered exploratory. The number of endotracheal intubation attempts required to learn will be recorded in the data collection. Sequential intubation performance data will be analyzed using cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis.
Sponsors and contacts
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Huseyin Cahit Halhalli, MD
Lead sponsor
Kocaeli City Hospital
Sponsor institution
Health Institutes of Turkey
Collaborator
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