The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if nudge-based interventions and motivational interviewing work to improve influenza vaccination uptake among healthcare workers in China. A two-phase randomized controlled trial will be conducted in community hospitals across China, targeting healthcare workers as participants.
The main questions are:
Do nudge-based interventions increase vaccination rates among healthcare workers?
Does motivational interviewing increase vaccination compliance among those who remain unvaccinated after the phase 1?
In phase 1, community hospitals will be randomized as units into three arms: standard nudge group, personalized nudge group, and a control group. In phase 2, healthcare workers who remain unvaccinated after phase 1 will be individually randomized to either a motivational interviewing group or a control group.
Participants will:
Be recruited from community hospitals to participate in the study. In phase 1 (at the early stage of the flu season), community hospitals will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: standardized nudge messages, personalized nudge messages with a chatbot, or no reminders.
If still unvaccinated in phase 2 (during peak flu season), healthcare workers will be individually assigned to either motivational interviewing group or receive no extra contact.
Have their vaccination status checked at the end of each phase.
Full-time employees of community hospitals who remain employed throughout the study period.
Have not scheduled or received an influenza vaccine between August 2024 and the time of formal enrollment.
Agree to participate and provide informed consent.
Participants with medical conditions that contraindicate influenza vaccination.
Participants who refuse to participate or do not provide informed consent .
Healthcare workers from community hospitals who remain unvaccinated after Phase 1, as verified by official records, will be screened.
A selected subset of these individuals will be invited to participate in Phase 2.
Parallel
Phase 1: standardized nudge messages
BehavioralParticipants receive uniform messages designed to encourage influenza vaccination. These messages, grounded in nudge theory, are delivered through a Chinese online platform to promote vaccination uptake.
Phase 1: personalized nudge messages + chatbot
BehavioralParticipants receive tailored messages designed to encourage influenza vaccination. These messages, grounded in nudge theory, are delivered through a Chinese online platform to promote vaccination uptake. Additionally, they have access to an interactive chatbot to address questions and provide decision-making support for influenza vaccination.
Phase 2: motivational Interviewing
BehavioralUnvaccinated participants engage in one-on-one motivational interviewing sessions with a trained interviewer.
Influenza vaccination uptake
whether participants get vaccinated against influenza, measured by official vaccination system
Influenza vaccine literacy
A series of questions about influenza vaccine knowledge and misinformation. Total literacy score is calculated based on the number of questions answered correctly by the participants.
Influenza vaccine confidence
Vaccine confidence index (VCI), including participants' confidence in the importance, effectiveness, and safety of the influenza vaccine, and trust in public health agency. Responses will be measured using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).
High perception on influenza risk
Proportion of participants who perceived to be susceptible and severe to influenza.
Influenza vaccination intention
Participants' intention to receive influenza vaccine. Unit of Measure: Influenza Vaccination Intention 5-point Likert scale score, 1-5 (higher scores indicate stronger intention).
Intervention usability assessment
A series of questions assessing usability and feasibility of the interventions.
Cost of interventions
The cost of designing and implementing interventions. Unit of Measure: Chinese Yuan (CNY).
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This trial is not recruiting at the moment. You can still explore other options:
