About this trial
This is a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind controlled trial involving patients scheduled for elective surgery requiring general anesthesia with propofol induction. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups: the ondansetron group (8 mg IV), the lidocaine group (40 mg IV), or the control group (0.9% normal saline placebo). Study medications are administered intravenously over 5 minutes, ending 1 minute before anesthetic induction.
the goal: To assess the efficacy of intravenous ondansetron versus lidocaine and placebo in reducing the incidence and intensity of pain associated with propofol injection in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
None
Disqualifiers
None
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Group C (Control)
DrugGroup C (Control): Patients receive 4 mL of 0.9% isotonic normal saline (placebo) administered intravenously over 5 minutes, ending 1 minute before anesthetic induction.
Ondansetron 8 mg
DrugPatients received 8 mg of ondansetron diluted to a total volume of 4 mL, administered intravenously over 5 minutes, ending 1 minute before anesthetic induction.
Lidocaine %2 ampoule
DrugPatients received 40 mg of lidocaine diluted with 0.9% normal saline to a total volume of 4 mL, administered intravenously over 5 minutes, ending 1 minute before anesthetic induction.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Incidence of pain during propofol injection
Secondary outcomes
Intensity of pain during propofol injection
Intensity of pain during propofol injection, assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) from 0 to 10: 0: No pain 1-3: Mild pain, or pain reported only in response to questioning 4-6: Moderate pain, or pain reported spontaneously without facial grimacing 7-10: Severe pain, characterized by marked vocal expression, facial grimacing, arm withdrawal, or tears
Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
Patient satisfaction
Patient satisfaction, assessed using a Likert scale;
Pain recall
Pain recall, evaluated by assessing patients' memory of the injection-related pain.
Sponsors and contacts
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