The purpose of this study was to investigate the one-year trajectory of cognitive change in elderly patients with depression, to explore the transfer characteristics and transfer rules of various states of cognitive impairment in patients, to predict the relevant risk factors of cognitive decline, and to find possible influencing factors affecting state change, so as to provide a theoretical basis and reference for subsequent targeted intervention research on geriatric depression.
meeting the criteria for major depression in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
age at first onset ≥60 years
Informed consent
Relevant past history affecting cognitive function: various types of stroke, traumatic brain injury, severe brain atrophy, mental abnormalities
Perennial alcohol addiction, or long-term use of various drugs that affect mental state
Survival time of malignant tumors and tumors
Patients with language, vision, and hearing impairments
Elderly patients with depression who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from a number of nursing facilities, hospitals and communities
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA)
The Changsha version of the MoCA questionnaire was used in this study, which included eight cognitive assessments of visuospatial and executive functions, naming, memory, attention, speech, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation, with a total score of 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive functioning.
Subjective cognitive decline questionnaire (SCD questionnaire 9, SCD-9)
The SCD-9 is mainly used to distinguish between normal people and SCD patients. The scale mainly consists of 2 dimensions, i.e., overall memory ability and time comparison (4 entries) and daily activity ability (5 entries), with a total of 9 entries, and the total scale score ranges from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating a more severe degree of SCD.
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
The Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale adopts a Liket four level rating. The evaluation results can be analyzed based on total score, dimension score, and individual score. A total score of 20 is considered completely normal, while a score above 20 indicates varying degrees of functional decline. A score of 1 for each item indicates normal functionality, while a score of 2-4 indicates decreased functionality.
general information
Using a self-made general information scale, such as age, gender, education level, and other basic personal information
Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)
The Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) has a total of 20 items, of which 5, 9, 13, 17, and 19 items are scored in reverse. The scale adopts a 1-4 level scoring method (1 point for no or very little time; 2 points for a small portion of time; 3 points for a considerable amount of time; 4 points for the vast majority or all of time). Individuals fill in the scale based on their own situation in the most recent week, multiply the calculated total score by 1.25, take an integer as the standard score, and use it as a statistical indicator. The higher the standard score, the more severe the anxiety level of the individual.
Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS)
The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) includes three dimensions: objective support, subjective support, and support utilization, with a total of 10 items: 1 point (none) to 4 points (full support). The higher the score in each dimension, the more support received.
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