The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing group sessions of music therapy, art therapy and mindfulness meditation in real-life setting in a specific context (in a low threshold day-center for people experiencing homelessness in Lausanne "L'Espace"). The second aims consists of exploring participants' experience of these implemented approaches and describe participants' trajectories in terms of health-related QoL, psychological distress, perception of pain, self-esteem and relation to others over time.
The sessions will be implemented sequentially in three blocks:
* Music therapy: 8 biweekly 2 hours sessions over 4 months (group of 8-12 participants); * Art therapy: 8 biweekly 2 hours sessions over 4 months (group of 8 12 participants); * Mindfulness meditation: two consecutive 8-week program (weekly 2 hours sessions, group of 8-12 participants).
Being ≥18;
Being fluent in the languages known by the practitioners (English and French for music therapy and art therapy, Franch for mindfulness meditation);
Planning to stay in Lausanne for the next 10 months;
Agreeing to participate in group sessions;
Being unable to provide an informed consent.
For all interventions: having an unstable mental health issue (actively suicidal depression, active PTSD, decompensated bipolar, acute psychotic episode).
For the mindfulness meditation blocks only: being in psychological decompensation (including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, addictive disorders, and suicidal thoughts); suffering from epilepsy, complex trauma or unstable PTSD.
Single group
Music therapy
BehavioralThe music therapy sessions will offer sensory workshops of immersive musical listening, digital and acoustic music creation and shared improvised music.
Art therapy
BehavioralArt therapy sessions will include activities combining painting, modeling, and movement based on an initial theme.
Mindfulness Meditation
BehavioralMindfulness meditation sessions will involve foundational practices designed to enhance participants' ability to focus attention on a chosen object, such as the breath, while observing when the mind wanders and gently bringing attention back to the object of focus.
Acceptance rate
The acceptability (acceptance rate) will be assessed in terms of recruitment rate (#people included/#people invited).
Attendance rate
The feasibility of implementing music therapy, art therapy, and mindfulness meditation in a real-life setting will be assessed in terms of attendance at intervention sessions (number of sessions attended/total number of sessions offered).
Health related quality of life
Health related quality of life will be assessed with a subscale of the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Brief Version, Physical Health Domain (WHOQOL-BREF); range 0-100, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life (better outcome). Questionnaires will be administered at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (4 months) for music therapy and art therapy; and at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (2 months) for mindfulness meditation
Relatedness to others
Relatedness to others will be assessed with a subscale of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale (BPNSS); range 1-7, with higher scores indicating greater psychological need satisfaction (better outcome). Questionnaires will be administered at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (4 months) for music therapy and art therapy; and at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (2 months) for mindfulness meditation
Psychological distress
Psychological distress will be assessed with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6); range 0-24, with higher scores indicating greater psychological distress (worse outcome). Questionnaires will be administered at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (4 months) for music therapy and art therapy; and at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), T2 (2 months) for mindfulness meditation
Self-esteem
Self-esteem will be assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES); range 0-30, with higher scores indicating higher self-esteem (better outcome). Questionnaires will be administered at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), and T2 (4 months) for music therapy and art therapy, and at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 month), and T2 (2 months) for mindfulness meditation.
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