The primary aim of this study is to characterize and systematically document the key dermato-mucosal structures of the perioral region in physiological conditions. Relative to the anterior chin area (ACA), the authors have tried to identify and describe pores, fine lines or wrinkles, texture patterns, superficial desquamation, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, fine ridges, grooves, sebaceous ducts, and skin irregularities. The observed features of the vermilion border (VB) and vermilion zone (VZ) include variations in color, texture, and surface characteristics, alongside the presence of fine lines and grooves. Vascular patterns and capillary visibility were observed, with pigmentation patterns providing additional insights into structural uniformity and non-uniform areas. Shiny surfaces, pore visibility, and regional differences in sebaceous activity and texture were also highlighted, reflecting the complex variability across the vermilion zone. Additionally, novel dermatoscopic and FAV findings not previously described in the literature were introduced into the analysis based on the personal observations of the investigators. This allowed for a comprehensive evaluation of the skin characteristics, providing a detailed analysis for each anatomical zone studied.
Age: Participants must be between 20 and 35 years old
Health Status: Participants must be in good general health with no known systemic diseases (ASA I)
Skin Condition: Participants must have clinically healthy skin in the target area, with no history of dermatological conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or dermatitis
Consent: Participants must provide written informed consent to participate in the study
Dermatological Disorders: History of skin diseases (e.g., acne, psoriasis, eczema) or other skin conditions that could interfere with the assessment
Chronic Illnesses: Presence of chronic systemic conditions (e.g., diabetes, autoimmune diseases) that may affect skin health
Medications: Current use of medications or treatments that could alter skin characteristics (e.g., corticosteroids, retinoids, immunosuppressants)
Allergies: Known allergies to topical products used during the examination
For the evaluation of healthy perioral tissues, the target population consisted of young, healthy individuals. The survey population specifically included students enrolled in the Dentistry and Dental Hygiene degree programs at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Rome.
Cohort
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Clinical evaluation of oral mucosa disease
To observed the anterior chin area (ACA), the authors have tried to identify and describe pores, fine lines or wrinkles, texture patterns, superficial desquamation, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, fine ridges, grooves, sebaceous ducts, and skin irregularities.
Clinical evaluation of perioral mucosa
To observed the vermilion border (VB) and vermilion zone (VZ) include variations in color, texture, and surface characteristics, alongside the presence of fine lines and grooves. Vascular patterns and capillary visibility were observed, with pigmentation patterns providing additional insights into structural uniformity and non-uniform areas.
Clinical evaluation of surface and texture of oral muocsa
To observed shiny surfaces, pore visibility, and regional differences in sebaceous activity and texture were also highlighted, reflecting the complex variability across the vermilion zone.
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