Pulse pressure variation (PPV) and pleth variability index (PVI) are widely used in clinical practice as indicators of the responsiveness to fluid therapy in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. PPV, which measures changes in arterial pressure, requires arterial puncture, which is invasive, and PVI, which detects subtle changes in oxygen saturation, requires an expensive, commercial monitoring equipment. In this study, we aimed to measure peripheral venous pressure variation using less invasive waveform variation in peripheral veins and to determine whether this indicator can be clinically used to predict the responsiveness to fluid therapy. In addition, the investigators aimed to confirm the superiority of the indicators by comparing them with the responsiveness to fluid therapy of the PPV and PVI.
Patients voluntarily agreed and signed the written informed consent form before participating in the study
Adults aged 19 years or older
American Society of Anesthesiologists physical class (ASA) 1-3
Patients scheduled for elective hepatectomy under general anesthesia
Patients with abnormal findings on electrocardiogram before surgery
Patients who cannot undergo peripheral venous puncture
Patients scheduled for elective hepatectomy under general anesthesia
Cohort
Prospective
peripheral waveform collection
Other interventionThe peripheral venous pressure is collected by connecting a pressure transducer that is currently in use to the central venous line. In addition, pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation that can be obtained from the arterial catheter. In addition, the pleth variability index is collected through the oxygen saturation monitoring. This extracts the medical records and bio-signal information of the subjects registered through the previously approved 'Establishment of a Bio-signal and Clinical Information Registry for the Development of Patient Monitoring Algorithms' (B-2202-738-401).
Fluid responsiveness
Cardiac output increases by more than 15% after 250 mL crystalloid injection during a fluid challenge
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