This is a Phase I, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation and expansion study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity of dual-targeting VEGFR1/PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells in patients with solid tumors presenting with pleural, peritoneal, or leptomeningeal metastases.
Despite advances in systemic therapies, patients with serosal cavity and leptomeningeal dissemination face extremely poor prognoses and limited treatment options due to the unique immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and the physical barrier of these anatomical sites. Preclinical evidence suggests that simultaneous blockade of VEGFR1-mediated angiogenesis and PD-L1-mediated immune checkpoint signaling via a bispecific CAR-T construct may synergistically overcome local immunosuppression and enhance tumor eradication in these sanctuary sites.
The study consists of two phases: a dose-escalation phase utilizing a standard 3+3 design and backfilling design to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of locoregionally administered CAR-T cells, followed by a dose-expansion phase to further assess safety and preliminary efficacy at the RP2D.
Eligible patients will receive a single infusion of VEGFR1/PD-L1 dual-CAR T-cells via intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or intrathecal routes, depending on the primary site of metastasis. The primary endpoints are the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) graded by CTCAE v5.0. Secondary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR) , progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and assessment of CAR-T cell persistence and cytokine profiles in peripheral blood and local effusion fluids.
1. Male or female participants aged 18 to 75 years. Participants older than 75 years may be enrolled at the investigator's discretion based on overall health status.
Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test. Females who have undergone surgical sterilization or have been postmenopausal for at least 2 years are considered not of childbearing potential.
Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors with evidence of serosal cavity metastasis (pleural/peritoneal) and/or leptomeningeal metastasis, who have failed standard-of-care therapies.For leptomeningeal metastasis: patients must have received at least 3 intrathecal chemotherapy infusions with persistent positive CSF cytology and neurological symptoms, OR have re-positivity of CSF cytology after prior clearance.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2.
Known hypersensitivity to cytokines.
Active infection requiring systemic anti-infective therapy.
Acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
History of malignancies other than the target indication within 5 years prior to screening, with the exception of adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the breast after curative resection.
Single group
Dual-targeting VEGFR1/PD-L1 CAR-T cells
Biological/VaccineAutologous T cells genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor targeting both VEGFR1 and PD-L1. Cells are administered via locoregional routes.
AEs and SAEs
Safety
Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT)
Tolerability evaluation
Recommended phase II dose (RP2D).
Efficacy dose
Objective Remission Rate (ORR).
Progression-Free Survival (PFS ).
Duration Of Control Rate (DCR).
Duration Of Response (DOR).
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Sichuan University
Lead sponsor
West China Hospital
Sponsor institution
