About this trial
This is a Phase 1/Phase 2 study assessing liothyronine (L-T3) immunotherapy and in combination with standard chemotherapy (bevacizumab, irinotecan and temozolomide (BIT)) in children and young adults with medulloblastoma that is relapsed or progressive after standard upfront therapy.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Phase 2, Cohort 2: Participants must have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cf-DNA) + assessed in a Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA)-certified or protocol-approved laboratory. After entry into the study, another CSF sample will be collected and analyzed centrally prior to initiation of protocol therapy to verify cf-DNA positivity.
Prior Therapy: Participants must have received standard upfront therapy for medulloblastoma (either with craniospinal radiation or high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue. If other therapy utilized, must be discussed with study chairs prior to participation). Participants for Phase 1 and Phase 2 cohort 1 may have received further chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy beyond standard upfront therapy prior to trial enrollment. Participants within the Phase 2 cohort 1 must have experienced at least one, and at most, two relapses prior to study enrollment.
Age 1-25 years old.
Performance Score: Karnofsky ≥ 50 for participants > 16 years of age and Lansky ≥ 50 for participants ≤16 years of age (See Appendix A). Participants who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score.
Disqualifiers
For Cohort 1 only: participants who have previously been treated with BIT in combination. Treatment with individual bevacizumab, irinotecan or TMZ is not an exclusion criteria.
Participants who have had myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks prior to entering the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier. (Participants receiving chemotherapy directly into the CSF at doses not expected to be myelosuppressive may have received therapy up to 7 days prior to enrollment).
Participants must be at least 7 days since the completion of therapy with a biologic or small molecule agent or non-myelosuppressive chemotherapy agent. For any agent with known adverse events that can occur beyond 7 days after administration, the period prior to enrollment must be beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur. Such participants should also be discussed with study chairs.
Radiation: For participants on the Phase 1 and Phase 2 Cohort 1, the tumor designated as "measurable" for protocol purposes must not have received radiation within 6 weeks prior to study entry and focal radiation to areas of symptomatic metastatic disease must not be given within 14 days of study entry. If a new lesion occurs outside the radiation field, the participant is eligible to enroll at any time point from completion of radiation. For Cohort 2 participants, there is no required washout for radiation therapy.
Trial design
Sequential
Treatments tested in this trial
Liothyronine (L-T3)
DrugGiven orally (PO)
Bevacizumab
DrugGiven IV
Irinotecan
DrugGiven IV
Temozolomide (TMZ)
DrugGiven PO
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Proportion of participants experienced an Adverse Event
Proportion of participants with adverse events of L-T3 as graded by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE version 5.0)
Proportion of participants who experience dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) (Dose Escalation)
The DLT evaluable analysis set includes all participants in the dose-finding part of the study who have received the target doses of L-T3, and who have either experienced a DLT or were followed for the full DLT evaluation period. DLT is defined as L-T3-related toxicity at a frequency ≥33% in any treatment arm.
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) (Dose Escalation)
The DLT evaluable analysis set includes all participants in the dose-finding part of the study who have received the target doses of L-T3, and who have either experienced a DLT or were followed for the full DLT evaluation period. The MTD is defined as the dose level given for 14 days which ≤ 1/6 participants experience a DLT.
Percentage Progressive Free Survival (PFS) at month 9
Cohort 1 Phase 2, PFS at 9 months is defined as the proportion of patients alive and progression-free 9 months from start of treatment. Any patient lost-to-follow-up prior to 9 months will be considered an event (i.e., progression/death) for the purposes of the analysis.
Sponsors and contacts
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Sabine Mueller, MD, PhD
Lead sponsor
University of California, San Francisco
Sponsor institution