The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if teclistamab in combination with daratumumab (Tec-Dara) works to treat newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with concurrent light chain amyloidosis (MM+AL). It will also learn about the safety of this combination. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does Tec-Dara improve the 1-year progression-free survival rate compared to historical data (50% to 75%) in MM+AL patients? What are the rates of hematologic response (ORR, VGPR, CR, MRD negativity) and organ response in MM+AL patients treated with Tec-Dara? What medical problems do participants have when taking Tec-Dara?
Participants will:
Receive teclistamab subcutaneous injection with step-up dosing (0.06, 0.3, 1.5 mg/kg), followed by 1.5 mg/kg weekly in Cycle 1, 3.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks in Cycles 2-3, and 3.0 mg/kg every 4 weeks in Cycles 4-24 Receive daratumumab subcutaneous injection 1800 mg weekly in Cycles 1-2, every 2 weeks in Cycles 3-6, and every 4 weeks in Cycles 7-24 Continue treatment until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or a maximum of 24 cycles Undergo disease assessments every 28 days (±7 days) including laboratory tests for hematologic and organ response evaluation Provide bone marrow samples for MRD and RNA sequencing analysis
Age ≥18 years, any sex/gender
Diagnosis of multiple myeloma according to IMWG criteria
Immunohistochemistry and/or immunofluorescence
Mass spectrometry
Prior anti-myeloma therapy or stem cell transplantation
Diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering multiple myeloma, primary AL amyloidosis without concurrent MM, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, plasma cell leukemia, POEMS syndrome, or other malignancies within 3 years prior to enrollment
Active infection or autoimmune disease
Uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, or other comorbidities
Single group
Teclistamab
DrugTeclistamab: A humanized IgG4-PAA bispecific antibody targeting BCMA and CD3. It bridges malignant plasma cells and CD3+ T cells, leading to T cell activation and perforin/granzyme-mediated lysis of BCMA+ tumor cells. Daratumumab: A humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, which induces tumor cell lysis through complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. It also enhances T cell-mediated anti-myeloma immunity by increasing cytotoxic T helper cells and depleting CD38+ immunoregulatory cells, thereby potentiating teclistamab's activity.
1-Year Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Rate
The percentage of participants who are alive and free from disease progression at 1 year after initiation of Tec-Dara treatment. Progression is defined according to IMWG criteria, including increase in serum M protein, urine M protein, or serum free light chain; development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas; or hypercalcemia.
Hematologic Complete Response (Heme-CR) rate
Heme-CR will be defined as: involved free light-chain level less than the upper limit of the normal range with negative serum and urine immunofixation; normalization of the uninvolved free light-chain level or free light-chain ratio will not be required to determine a complete response. Heme-CR rate is the percentage of participants who achieve CR prior to subsequent anti-myeloma therapy, during or after the study treatment.
Very Good Partial Response or Better (≥VGPR) Rate
Heme-VGPR is defined as a reduction in the dFLC to \<40 mg/L. ≥VGPR rate is the percentage of participants achieving VGPR and CR prior to subsequent anti-myeloma therapy during or after the study treatment.
Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Negativity Rate
Proportion of participants achieving MRD negativity at a sensitivity threshold of 10\^-5, assessed by next-generation flow cytometry (NGF) or next-generation sequencing (NGS). The MRD-negativity rate by 6 and 12 months will be reported descriptively.
Organ Response Rate
Proportion of participants achieving organ response according to consensus criteria for AL amyloidosis, based on changes in NT-proBNP, cardiac troponin T/I, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
Differential gene expression in bone marrow by RNA sequencing between baseline and disease progression in MM-AL patients.
Bone marrow transcriptome profiles will be analyzed by RNA sequencing at baseline and at disease progression to identify differentially expressed genes, altered signaling pathways, and molecular signatures predictive of disease progression in MM-AL patients. Data will be summarized as fold-change in gene expression, pathway enrichment scores, and predictive model performance metrics (e.g., AUC, sensitivity, specificity).
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Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital
Lead sponsor
Johnson & Johnson
Collaborator
