About this trial
This is a single-arm clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of quadruple immunotherapy with natural killer (NK) cells, anti-GD2 antibody, cytokines (interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)) and retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRg) agonist spironolactone for paediatric patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma
Adequate organ function: creatinine clearance ≥40 ml/min/1.73m2, total bilirubin ≤3 times upper limit of normal and ALT ≤500 IU/L, left ventricular shortening fraction ≥25%, and oxygen saturation ≥92% in room air
Karnofsky or Lansky performance status score ≥50
Has an appropriate HLA-haploidentical NK-cell donor available
Disqualifiers
Pregnant or lactating woman
HIV infection
Patients for whom conventional treatment is deemed more appropriate
Patients who are unlikely to benefit, e.g., terminal malignancy with life expectancy <1 month
Trial design
Single group
Treatments tested in this trial
Natural killer cell
Biological/VaccineNatural killer cells isolated from HLA-haploidentical relative donor
Dinutuximab beta
DrugDinutuximab beta iv for 5 days
Interleukin-2
DrugInterleukin-2 sc alternate day for 6 doses
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
DrugGranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor sc daily till ANC \>2,000/mm3
Spironolactone
DrugSpironolactone po three time daily
Naxitamab
DrugNaxitamab iv for 4 days (as alternative for dinutuximab)
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Proportion of patients who have objective response in the tumor
Objective response = complete response + partial response + minor response + stable disease
Secondary outcomes
Overall survival at 1 year
From the date of treatment start until the date of death from any cause, assessed up to 1 year
Progression-free survival
From date of treatment start until the date of first documented progression or the date of death from any cause, whichever comes first, assessed up to 1 year
Proportion of patients who have tumor relapse
relapse = reappearance of tumor after complete response
Number of patients who experience adverse events
Adverse events are graded according to Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5 (CTCAEv5)
Sponsors and contacts
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Hong Kong Children's Hospital
Lead sponsor
The University of Hong Kong
Collaborator