About this trial
The investigators plan to conduct a pilot 4-arm, randomized study comprising the following interventions: muscle strengthening exercises (MSE) alone, estrogen therapy (ET) alone, and a combination of MSE and ET, compared to usual care in women with menopausal arthralgia. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility, patient acceptability, and patient perspectives and logistics of delivering interventions, and practicability of outcome assessment tools in this 4-arm study over a 12-week period.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Patients with muscle stiffness and joint discomfort in various sites, including hands, knees, back, hips, and/or shoulders. Patients with pain in only one isolated joint would not be accepted.
Arthralgia symptoms with onset, or has become worse, over the perimenopausal or early postmenopausal period (within 5 years of the menopause).
Women should be at the menopause transition, less than or equal to 59 years old at the time of enrollment, or within 5 years of menopause whichever is earlier.
Arthralgia for at least 3 months (pain lasting beyond normal injury healing period)
Disqualifiers
History of thrombo-embolic diseases, strokes, ischemic heart disease, dementia or psychiatric disorders, active liver disease or renal impairment, severe hyperlipidemia, gout, thyroid disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or other chronic inflammatory conditions.
Pregnancy
Non-adherence to national guidelines for breast cancer screening
High risk for breast cancer
Trial design
Factorial
Treatments tested in this trial
Menopausal hormone therapy
DrugApply 17 beta-Estradiol topical gel (1.25-2.5 gms) daily Ingest Micronized Progesterone 200mg daily for 12 days each month
Exercise training
BehavioralExercises would focus on upper and lower body strength generally. It is anticipated that the participants ideally should exercise at least 3 times per week based on the strength training prescription. They could potentially exercise everyday, alternating between upper and lower body strength training. In all, there are up to 1-2 in-person therapy sessions and home sessions at least 3 times per week.
Menopausal hormone therapy + exercise training
Combination product1. Apply 17 beta-Estradiol topical gel (1.25-2.5 gms) daily and Ingest Micronized Progesterone 200mg daily for 12 days each month 2. Exercises would focus on upper and lower body strength generally. It is anticipated that patients ideally should exercise at least 3 times per week based on the strength training prescription. They could potentially exercise everyday, alternating between upper and lower body strength training. In all, there are up to 1-2 in-person therapy sessions and home sessions at least 3 times per week.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Relative changes in perceived arthralgia at the end of intervention
Relative changes in perceived arthralgia with the 10-item Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (Short Form) would be the pre-specified primary outcome parameter. Participants would be asked to rank each item on a 11-point scale from 0 to 10.
Secondary outcomes
Changes in Handgrip strength (kg)
Handgrip strength (kg) will be assessed twice on each arm, using the Jamar dynamometer.
Changes in isokinetic knee extension strength (degree/second)
The knee extension strength test will be conducted using the isokinetic dynamometry with Biodex, and measured in degree/second.
Changes in physical performance using the Physical Performance Battery
The investigators will use a modified version of the lower-extremity performance tests conducted in the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly, wherein scores from four tests will be added to form a continuous score ranging from 0 to 4.
Changes in associated menopausal symptoms using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)
Menopausal symptoms will be assessed using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), comprising 11 menopausal symptoms. Each symptom will be scored from 0-4 (none, mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe).
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