In this study, researchers will learn more about the effects and safety of BIIB115, also known as salanersen.
Specifically, researchers will learn more about how salanersen works in individuals with SMA who are between the ages of 15 and 60 years old. In most people living with SMA, changes to or a lack of a gene called survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) - often referred to as gene mutations or variants - affect how this gene works. As a result, their bodies produce less SMN protein. Without enough of this protein, motor neurons and muscles cannot work properly. There is a similar gene called SMN2 that produces SMN protein, but it usually does not produce enough SMN protein on its own to make up for the changes in the SMN1 gene. Salanersen is a drug designed to help the SMN2 gene to make more working SMN protein.
In this study, there will be 2 groups of participants: a group who has never received treatment for SMA before joining this study, and a group who has been treated with risdiplam, an approved drug for SMA . Those participants must not have received any other SMA treatments before and will need to stop their risdiplam treatment for the duration of the study.
The main goal of this study is to learn more about how salanersen affects the participants' motor function. Researchers will use different tests and questionnaires to learn if motor function is changing over the study duration.
The main question researchers want to answer in this study is:
• For the group who has never been treated for SMA, how much do scores on the HFMSE movement test change at 12 months compared to the beginning of the study? The Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale - Expanded (HFMSE) has 33 activities that are scored which include sitting, lying down, walking, jumping, and more.
Researchers will also learn more about:
* The effects on participants' motor function and how well their nerves and muscles function. * The effects on participants' overall sense of change and how they perform daily activities. * How many participants have adverse events or serious adverse events. Adverse events are health problems that may or may not be caused by the study drug. * How much salanersen gets into the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. * How much salanersen gets into the blood.
This study will be done as follows:
* First, participants will be screened to check if they can join the study. The screening period may be up to 4 weeks. * This is an "open-label" study. This is a study in which the participants, study doctor, and site staff will know that participants are receiving salanersen. * All participants will receive salanersen through an intrathecal injection, or one that is given into the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. * Participants will receive salanersen once every year for a total of 5 times throughout the study. * Including screening, participants will have 17 study visits and 9 telephone calls during this study, which will last up to 61 months in total.
Participants aged 15 to 60 years, inclusive, at the time of informed consent
Participants with genetic documentation of 5q Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) (homozygous gene deletion or mutation or compound heterozygous mutation).
Participants with clinical signs and symptoms consistent with SMA.
Survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) copy number ≥ 1.
Respiratory insufficiency at Screening, defined by the medical necessity for invasive or noninvasive ventilation for > 6 hours during a 24-hour period (except for nocturnal bilevel positive airway pressure).
Medical necessity for a gastric feeding tube, where the majority of nutrition is provided by this route, as assessed by the site Investigator at Screening.
History of brain or spinal cord disease or other contraindications (e.g., severe scoliosis) that would interfere with the lumbar puncture (LP) procedures, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, efficacy assessments, or safety assessments (including a history of hydrocephalus or implanted shunt for CSF drainage), as assessed by the Investigator.
Hospitalization for surgery, a pulmonary event, or nutritional support within 2 months prior to Screening or plans to undergo elective procedures or surgeries at any time after signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF) through the end of the study. Note: If prior scoliosis surgery has been performed, it must be done at least 1 year prior to Screening.
Parallel
Salanersen
DrugAdministered Intrathecally
Change From Baseline in Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale - Expanded (HFMSE) Total Score in Treatment-Naïve Cohort
The HFMSE is a tool used to assess motor function in individuals with SMA. Participants will be asked to complete a specific movement and are then graded on the quality and execution of that movement. Higher scores indicate higher levels of motor ability. The overall score is the sum of the scores for all 33 items, with a maximum score of 66 with higher scores depicting better ability to perform activities.
Percentage of Participants With ≥ 3-Point Change From Baseline in HFMSE Total Score
The HFMSE is a tool used to assess motor function in individuals with SMA. Participants will be asked to complete a specific movement and are then graded on the quality and execution of that movement. Higher scores indicate higher levels of motor ability. The overall score is the sum of the scores for all 33 items, with a maximum score of 66 with higher scores depicting better ability to perform activities.
Percentage of Participants With ≥ 2-Point Change From Baseline in Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) Total Score
The RULM is developed to assess upper limb functional abilities of participants with SMA. This test consists of a total of 20 upper limb performance items that are reflective of activities of daily living. The RULM is scored from 0 to 37 points, with higher scores indicating better function.
Percentage of Participants With ≥ 30-Meter Change From Baseline in 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Distance (Ambulatory Participants Only)
The 6MWT is a submaximal exercise test used to assess an individual's functional exercise capacity. It measures the distance covered in 6 minutes on a flat, hard surface, providing valuable information about aerobic capacity and endurance.
Change From Baseline in HFMSE Total Score
The HFMSE is a tool used to assess motor function in individuals with SMA. Participants will be asked to complete a specific movement and are then graded on the quality and execution of that movement. Higher scores indicate higher levels of motor ability. The overall score is the sum of the scores for all 33 items, with a maximum score of 66 with higher scores depicting better ability to perform activities.
