The goal of this observational study is to analyze the relationship between various biomarkers (GDF-15, MR proADM, and Presepsin) in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) who also have Pneumonia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and have received Influenza vaccinations.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Is there a significant correlation between the levels of these specific biomarkers and the clinical outcomes or inflammatory status of these patients? * How does Influenza vaccinations relate to the levels of these biomarkers in the context of ACS with comorbid respiratory conditions? Researchers will compare the levels of these biomarkers across the participant group to see if they can serve as indicators of the patients' health status or the impact of the vaccinations.
Participants will:
\- Undergo clinical assessment for Acute Coronary Syndrome, Pneumonia, and COPD. Provide medical history regarding Influenza vaccination status. Provide blood samples for the measurement of GDF-15, MR proADM, and Presepsin levels.
Adult male patients (< 65 years old).
History of being an active smoker.
Confirmed diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and Pneumonia based on clinical, laboratory, and radiological criteria.
Demonstrated clinical improvement (stabilization) after receiving standard ACS and Pneumonia therapy in the acute intrahospital phase.
Presence of absolute contraindications to pneumococcal and influenza vaccination (history of anaphylactic reactions to vaccine components).
Patients with malignancies (cancer), systemic autoimmune diseases, or those currently on long-term immunosuppressant therapy.
Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) or severe liver dysfunction that could confound inflammatory biomarker values.
Patients with persistently unstable hemodynamic conditions or unresolved cardiogenic shock during the acute care phase.
Parallel
Vaxigrip
DrugInfluenza vaccination for 1 interventional group and comparison of GDF-15, MR proADM, Persepsin before and after vaccination in patient with ACS and Pneumonia
antibiotic treatments
DrugThe patient will get standard care for pneumonia therapy
percutaneus coronary intervention
Procedure/Surgerypatient will get percutaneus coronary intervention
Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers (GDF-15, MR proADM, and Presepsin)
The measurement of serum or plasma concentrations for Growth Differentiation Factor 15, Mid-Regional pro-Adrenomedullin, and Presepsin. This outcome aims to evaluate the systemic inflammatory profile in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome, Pneumonia, and COPD, and to observe their relationship with vaccination status.
Changes in Biomarker Levels Post-Vaccination
To evaluate the changes and modulation of GDF-15, MR proADM, and Presepsin levels following Pneumococcal and Influenza vaccinations compared to baseline levels.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
