About this trial
The aim of this study is to identify patients with DM at high risk of CVD using elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels (\>125pg/mL), and (2) intensify therapy using renin-angiotensin system (RAS) antagonists, beta-blockers and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in this high-risk DM population.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Type 2 diabetes for at least six months
≥ 40 years of age, men or women
No known cardiovascular disease ( defined as known coronary stenosis > 70%, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction < 40%, or a history of myocardial infarction/ coronary revascularization/ heart failure hospitalization/ stroke/ prior non-traumatic lower limb amputation or angioplasty)
NT-proBNP > 125 pg/mL
Disqualifiers
History of hypersensitivity to any of the drugs investigated as well as known or suspected contraindications to the study drugs or previous history of intolerance
Patients already on a maximum dose of RAASi or beta-blocker
History of DM ketoacidosis/Type 1 DM
eGFR < 45ml/min/1.73m2
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors
DrugResearch participants in the intensive therapy arm should be strongly encouraged to follow the intensive treatment strategy. Every attempt should be made to up-titrate RAS-antagonists and beta-blockers (max dosage, unless contraindicated) as well as preferentially use SGLT2i (standard dosage, as required) throughout the trial.
Beta blocker
DrugResearch participants in the intensive therapy arm should be strongly encouraged to follow the intensive treatment strategy. Every attempt should be made to up-titrate RAS-antagonists and beta-blockers (max dosage, unless contraindicated) as well as preferentially use SGLT2i (standard dosage, as required) throughout the trial.
SGLT2 Inhibitor - Sodium Glucose Cotransporter Subtype 2 Inhibitor Product
DrugResearch participants in the intensive therapy arm should be strongly encouraged to follow the intensive treatment strategy. Every attempt should be made to up-titrate RAS-antagonists and beta-blockers (max dosage, unless contraindicated) as well as preferentially use SGLT2i (standard dosage, as required) throughout the trial.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Combined endpoint based on the first occurrence of cardiovascular death or major adverse cardiovascular event
Stroke/myocardial infarction/heart failures events
Sponsors and contacts
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National Heart Centre Singapore
Lead sponsor
Singapore General Hospital
Collaborator
Mackay Memorial Hospital
Collaborator
National Taiwan University Hospital
Collaborator
Peking University People's Hospital
Collaborator
Medanta, The Medicity, India
Collaborator
Public Health Foundation of India
Collaborator
Putrajaya Hospital, Malaysia
Collaborator
Universiti Teknologi Mara
Collaborator