Persistent residual limb pain is common after traumatic amputation and significantly impairs rehabilitation and prosthetic use. Postoperative stump infection may contribute to peripheral nerve sensitization, scar fibrosis, and long-term pain persistence. This prospective cohort study aims to determine whether early post-amputation stump infection independently predicts persistent clinically significant residual limb pain at 3 and 6 months after surgery.
Traumatic upper or lower limb amputation
Enrollment within 4 weeks after surgery
Ability to provide informed consent
Pre-existing chronic pain in the affected limb
Severe cognitive impairment
Terminal illness limiting follow-up
Refusal or inability to complete follow-up assessments
The study population will consist of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing traumatic upper or lower limb amputation following blast-related, drone-related, or other high-energy injuries. Participants will be enrolled within 4 weeks after primary amputation surgery and followed prospectively for 6 months. The population represents individuals at risk of developing persistent residual limb pain during the early postoperative and rehabilitation period.
Cohort
Prospective
Not listed
Persistent Clinically Significant Residual Limb Pain
Presence of clinically significant residual limb pain defined as Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ≥4 at rest or during movement at 3 months after amputation.
Persistent Residual Limb Pain at 6 Months
NRS ≥4 at rest or during movement at 6 months after amputation.
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