The objective of this study is to develop and validate deep learning algorithms for automated sleep stage and sub-stage classification using overnight polysomnography data. The models will be trained and evaluated on at least three independent datasets to ensure generalizability.
\- Primary Outcome Measure : Accuracy of deep learning-based sleep stage classification compared to expert manual scoring (\>80% target agreement), evaluated across multiple polysomnography datasets including AP-HP (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris) data.
This is a retrospective, observational study.
Patients with chronic insomnia and/or epilepsy who underwent polysomnography in a neurophysiology or neurology setting under the responsibility of Pr Navarro between 01 September 2011 and 31 December 2024.
Age ≥18 and ≤65 years at the time of the polysomnography recording.
Severe psychiatric disorder, including decompensated psychotic disorder, manic episode, or major depressive episode with melancholic features.
Use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy during the night of recording.
Patient refusal or documented opposition to data use.
Patients evaluated for sleep disorders, including treatment-resistant chronic insomnia, sleep-wake rhythm disorders, chronic fatigue, and/or patients with epilepsy presenting with sleep disturbances
Cohort
Retrospective
Not listed
Prediction accuracy of sleep stages and sub-stages
Evaluation of the deep learning model's performance in accurately classifying different sleep stages and sub-stages compared to expert manual scoring. The metrics used to characterize this outcome are the macro F1-score and/or Cohen's Kappa (κ) score, with a target prediction accuracy of \>80%. The macro F1-score measures the model's ability to correctly recognize each sleep stage while compensating for the imbalance between frequent and rare classes. Cohen's Kappa quantifies the degree of agreement between automatic predictions and human annotations by correcting for the agreement expected by chance. The combination of these two metrics offers a robust and balanced evaluation.
Prediction accuracy of chronic insomnia profiles
Evaluation of the deep learning algorithms' accuracy in identifying and predicting chronic insomnia profiles based on the electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis of polysomnographies. Performance will be assessed by comparing the automated predictions against established clinical diagnoses using standard machine learning classification metrics (such as macro F1-score and Cohen's Kappa).
Prediction accuracy of epilepsy profiles
Evaluation of the deep learning algorithms' accuracy in identifying and predicting different epilepsy profiles based on the electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis of polysomnographies. Performance will be assessed by comparing the automated predictions against established clinical diagnoses using standard machine learning classification metrics (such as macro F1-score and Cohen's Kappa).
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Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
Lead sponsor
Idiap Research Institute, Switzerland
Collaborator
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