About this trial
There are very few studies in the literature examining the effect of age on motor imagery ability in children with cerebral palsy. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated the impact of other related factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of age, sex, body mass index, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) level on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-1: Age has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-2: Sex has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-3: Clinical type has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-4: Body mass index has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-5: GMFCS level has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
H1-6: MACS level has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
6-18 year olds diagnosed with spastic type unilateral and bilateral diplegia CP,
Those with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I - II,
Hand Skill Classification System (EBSS) level I-II,
Children with a Mini-Mental Test score of at least 24 points,
Disqualifiers
Those with advanced vision, hearing and attention problems,
Those with advanced cardiovascular or cognitive problems,
Upper extremity botulinum toxin administration and surgery in the last 6 months,
Those who have received MI training in the last 6 months
Trial population
This study included between the ages 6 and 18 years 27 children with unilateral and 27 bilateral cerebral palsy with level 1 or 2 according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS),
Trial design
Other
Prospective
Treatments tested in this trial
Implicit motor imagery
Other interventionImplicit motor imagery is the ability to engage with the projection and manipulation of the body schema from a first-person perspective. Implicit motor imagery skills were evaluated Recognize App Recognize Hand Hand Laterality Task with, developed by NOI group. (http://www.noigroup.com/ Recognise).
Explicit motor imagery
Other interventionIn explicit motor imagery, the person simulates a specific motor movement, that is, the individual is aware that she is imagining the movement.Explicit motor imagery skills were evaluated with Movement Imagery Questionnaire for Children (MIQ-C), mental chronometry and box block test.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Explicit motor imagery -1
Box and block test,Participants were first asked to pass the maximum number of wooden blocks to the other side of the wooden box in 60 seconds, three times for each hand. The actual number of movement blocks was obtained by calculating the average of 3 applications. Then, each participant was asked to visually pass the maximum number of wooden blocks to the other side of the wooden box without moving, three times for both hands. While visualizing, the participants pressed the button in front of them for each wooden block they placed, thus the number of wooden blocks they imagined passing to the other side was seen. The number of imaged movement blocks was obtained by taking the average of 3 applications. The number of wooden blocks passed with actual movement and imagined movement was compared.
Secondary outcomes
Explicit motor imagery - 2
Box and block test, mental chronometry, The mental chronometry paradigm was evaluated using the wooden box and 10 wooden blocks of the box block test. The participants were first asked to grasp 10 wooden blocks from one side of the wooden box and pass them to the other side, three times in both hands, and the time taken was calculated with a stopwatch. Then, they were asked to visualize passing 10 wooden blocks to the other side of the wooden box, 3 times for each hand, and to say when they imagined that all 10 wooden blocks had passed. When they said they were done, the stopwatch was stopped. The application was performed three times on the dominant and non-dominant sides for real and imagined movements, and the average was noted. Delta time was calculated based on real and imagined movement time. . Delta time is calculated with the formula =\[(real movement-imagined movement) / \[(real movement+imagined movement) / 2\]x100.
Explicit motor imagery - 3
Movement Imagery Questionnaire for Children (MIQ-C),The Movement Imagination Questionnaire for Children will be used to measure visual (intrinsic, extrinsic) and kinesthetic imagery ability. It contains a total of 12 items: 4 items on internal, 4 items on external, and 4 items on kinesthetic visualization skills. Within the scope of the survey, the individual will be asked to visualize 4 different movements from 3 different visualization perspectives. The individual will be expected to first actually perform the movement in the instruction once and then imagine doing the movement. The clarity of this imagery will be rated using a Likert-type scale from 1 (very difficult to feel) to 7 (very easy to feel). A higher score from the test indicates higher imagination ability.
Implicit motor imagery
Hand Laterality Task, Implicit motor imagery capacity was assessed with the Laterality Task (choice task). Laterality task is based on deciding which side of the photograph belongs to the limb shown. Recognize Hand is an application developed by the NOI group and used to evaluate right-left discrimination.(http://www.noigroup.com/ Recognise). In terms of imagination ability and hand laterality, the sharpness of the choices made in right-left discrimination (percentage of correct answers) and the reaction time during the choice were evaluated.
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