Progressive Resistance Exercise Versus Functional Training in Elderly With Risk of Fall.
ConditionElderly
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age65+
SponsorUniversity of Lahore
About this trial
Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial Objective: To find the effects of Progressive Resistance Exercises for balance and risk of falls in elderly population.
To find the effects of Functional Training for balance and risk of falls in elderly population.
To compare the effects of Progressive Resistance Exercises and Functional Training for balance and risk of falls in elderly population.
Inclusion Criteria:
Both Males and Female Patients Patients Age 65 years or above Participants with intact cognitive function or mild cognitive impairment who can follow instructions and provide informed consent Individuals medically cleared by their physician to engage in moderate-intensity physical activities, with no unstable medical conditions that could impede participation Participants willing to commit to an 8-week intervention program (3 sessions per week) and attend follow-ups as required.
Exclusion Criteria:
Elderly individuals who are non-ambulatory or unable to perform basic mobility tasks, such as standing or walking independently, even with assistive devices.
Uncontrolled medical conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina, or severe arrhythmias.
Participants with severe musculoskeletal conditions that significantly limit mobility or exercise participation (e.g., severe arthritis, recent fractures, or joint replacements within the last 6 months).
Presence of acute pain or injury that may worsen with physical activity. Individuals with progressive neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, stroke with severe residual deficits, or multiple sclerosis that impede safe participation in physical activities.
Group 1: Progressive Resistance Exercises Participants in the Progressive Resistance Training (PRT) group will engage in a structured exercise program designed to progressively increase muscle strength, balance, and overall physical function.
Group 2: Functional Training Participants in the Functional Training (FT) group will engage in exercises that mimic daily activities to improve balance, strength, mobility, and functional independence.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Both Males and Female Patients
Patients Age 65 years or above
Participants with intact cognitive function or mild cognitive impairment who can follow instructions and provide informed consent
Individuals medically cleared by their physician to engage in moderate-intensity physical activities, with no unstable medical conditions that could impede participation
Disqualifiers
Elderly individuals who are non-ambulatory or unable to perform basic mobility tasks, such as standing or walking independently, even with assistive devices.
Uncontrolled medical conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina, or severe arrhythmias.
Participants with severe musculoskeletal conditions that significantly limit mobility or exercise participation (e.g., severe arthritis, recent fractures, or joint replacements within the last 6 months).
Presence of acute pain or injury that may worsen with physical activity. Individuals with progressive neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, 15 stroke with severe residual deficits, or multiple sclerosis that impede safe participation in physical activities.
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Progressive Resistance Training
Other interventionIntervention Protocol 1. Warm-Up (5 minutes) Gentle aerobic activities (marching in place, arm swings). Dynamic stretching to prepare muscles for resistance exercises. 2. Main Phase (35 minutes) Progressive resistance exercises targeting major muscle groups, applying the progressive overload principle (increasing resistance or repetitions biweekly). Exercises will include: o Lower body: Squats, seated leg press. o Upper body: Bicep curls, tricep extensions using dumbbells or resistance bands. o Core strengthening: Bridges. Focus on controlled movements and proper form to minimize injury risk. 19 3. Cooldown (5 minutes) Static stretching for major muscle groups to improve flexibility and promote recovery. (Coleman et al., 2021)
Functional Training
Other intervention1\. Warm-Up (5 minutes) Light walking in place, arm swings, and shoulder rolls to prepare the body. Dynamic stretching focusing on key muscle groups. 2. Main Phase (35 minutes) Exercises designed to enhance functional movements for daily activities: Sit-to-Stand (Chair Squats) - Strengthens legs and mimics standing up from a chair. Step-Ups - Improves leg strength and balance for climbing stairs. Heel-to-Toe Walk - Enhances balance and gait stability. Wall Push-Ups - Strengthens upper body for pushing movements. Bicep Curls with Resistance Bands - Improves arm strength for carrying objects. Ankle Circles - Enhances ankle mobility and balance. Progressive difficulty will be applied by increasing repetitions, reducing support, or adding light resistance. 3. Cooldown (5 minutes) 20 21 Gentle static stretching for major muscle groups. Breathing exercises for relaxation. (Ritterfeld et al., 2010)
Treatment groups
39 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Group 1Experimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Group 2Experimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
The BBS will evaluate static and dynamic balance through 14 functional tasks, such as standing, reaching, turning, and stepping. Each task is scored on a 5-point ordinal scale (0-4), with a total score of 56. A score of ≤45 will indicate an increased risk of falls, providing a comprehensive measure of postural stability and balance control.
Time frame
from enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeksSecondary outcomes
1
Timed Up and Go Test
The TUG test will assess functional mobility and fall risk by recording the time taken to stand from a chair, walk three meters, turn around, and return to the chair. A time of \>12 seconds will indicate an increased fall risk, providing an objective measure of dynamic balance and mobility
Time frame
from enrollment till the end of treatment at 8 weeks2
Falls Risk Assessment Tool FRAT
The FRAT is a screening tool used to identify individuals at risk of falling based on various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. It consists of key components, including fall history, medication review, sensory deficits, and environmental hazards. A scoring system categorizes individuals into low, moderate, or high risk for falls, guiding targeted intervention strategies. 22 The FRAT provides a comprehensive risk assessment by incorporating medical, functional, and environmental factors, aiding in fall prevention planning.
Time frame
From enrollment the end of treatment at 8 weeksLocations
Sponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov
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