Promoting Sleep and Physical Activity Among Adolescent Psychiatric Patients

Psychopathology

Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) is one of the most comprehensive and widely used questionnaires to assess psychopathology. It is validated for youth psychiatric inpatients from age 13 onwards. The Symptom Checklist contains a list of problems and complaints that people sometimes have. Participants are asked how much they were bothered by that problem during the past week. Answers range from 0=not at all to 4=extremely. Thus, a higher factor score indicated more serious psychiatric symptoms problems.

Composite Sleep Health

The use of a single disorder-focused sleep measure might be problematic to capture intervention effects among a transdiagnostic sample. A composite sleep health score comprising 6 dimensions of sleep and circadian functioning (daytime alertness, sleep satisfaction, -timing, -efficiency, -duration, and -regularity) was found to predicted mental health in adolescents. Using these components, a weighted summary sleep health score will be calculated, based on results from exploratory factor analyses. The following questionnaires will be used: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) The Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) The Sleep condition indicator (SCI) 7-day Habitual sleep-wake pattern (Oura Ring Gen3) Children's Morningness-Eveningness Preference Scale (CMEP) Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) According to LuDong et al. 2019, each dimension will be dichotomized as "good" (=1) or "poor" (=0). Thus a higher score indicates better sleep health.

Physical Activity

Habitual physical activity patterns will be captured with the Oura Ring Gen3. For 7 consecutive days and nights, participants will wear the small finger ring on their non-dominant hand over 7 days and nights to collect objective physical activity patterns. Additionally, a 7-day physical activity recall will be conducted at the end of the week with a trained staff member.

Cognitive performance

Cognitive Performance will be assessed with a modified version of the Stroop task, which includes trials demanding inhibitory control and emotion recognition. The computer-based task is administered with E-Prime 3.0 (PST, USA). Participants complete testing in a seated position, with a viewing distance of approximately 80 cm. Assessments are performed in a dimly lit room at an environmental temperature of 21-22 °C. The surrounding noise is reduced to a minimum and participants are instructed to avoid movements and noise during cognitive testing. The testing sequence is identical for all participants and lasts 10 to 15 min.

Self-esteem

Self-esteem will be assessed with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale