The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the impact of different atrial pacing sites-Bachmann's bundle pacing versus right atrial appendage pacing-on the development and progression of atrial cardiomyopathy in patients diagnosed with sick sinus syndrome who are undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation.
Patients aged 19 years or older
Patients diagnosed with sick sinus syndrome who are scheduled for de novo implantation of a permanent pacemaker or permanent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
Patients or their legal representatives who voluntarily consent to the access of medical records and study data throughout the entire research period
Patients with persistent or permanent AF
Patients with a life expectancy of less than one year due to other comorbidities
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Patients who refuse active treatment
Patients who presented to Samsung Medical Center, were diagnosed with Sick Sinus Syndrome, and underwent de novo permanent pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation based on clinical indications.
Cohort
Prospective
Right Atrial Appendage Pacing
Procedure/SurgeryAtrial lead positioned in the right atrial appendage
Bachmann Bundle Pacing
Procedure/SurgeryAtrial lead positioned in the bachmann bundle branch
Structural echocardiographic parameters of the left atrium
LA Volume Index measured as mL/m\^2
Functional echocardiographic parameters of the left atrium
Reservoir Strain (%), Conduit Strain (%), Contraction Strain (%)
Structural echocardiographic parameters of the left ventricle
LV End-Diastolic Diameter(mm), LV End-Systolic Diameter(mm)
Functional echocardiographic parameters of the left ventricle
LV Ejection Fraction (%), Global Longitudinal Strain (%)
Mitral and tricuspid regurgitation volume
as mL per beat
Structural echocardiographic parameters of the right atrium
RA Volume Index (mL/m\^2)
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