This study aims to determine whether multi-patient CT-derived digital twin anatomical variability training can shorten the early clinical learning curve of novice bronchoscopists compared with conventional anatomically uniform bronchoscopy simulation training.
Residents, fellows, or specialty trainees in pulmonary medicine, critical care medicine, thoracic surgery, anesthesiology, or related specialties whose training programs require flexible bronchoscopy training.
Previously performed ≤5 flexible bronchoscopies as primary operator.
No prior formal bronchoscopy simulation training course experience.
Able and willing to provide written informed consent and permit use of training logs, procedural videos, Ontario Bronchoscopy Assessment Tool (OBAT) scores, and clinical learning curve data for research purposes.
Previously performed >5 flexible bronchoscopies or previously completed a structured bronchoscopy simulation training program.
Planned departure from the training program during the study period or anticipated inability to complete follow-up through at least clinical cases 1-30.
Unable to participate in simulation training or unwilling to permit procedural video recording.
Significant additional bronchoscopy training exposure outside the study protocol; such cases may not necessarily be excluded but will be documented and addressed in sensitivity analyses.
Gang Hou
Lead sponsor
China-Japan Friendship Hospital
Sponsor institution
Anhui Chest Hospital
Collaborator
Shandong Public Health Clinical Center
Collaborator