The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of processed electroencephalogram (pEEG) monitoring on recovery and extubation times, length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), postoperative pain, patient comfort, sedation, development of delirium, and length of hospital and intensive care unit stay in laparoscopic surgeries performed in the Trendelenburg (T) or reverse Trendelenburg (RT) positions.
Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-center study included a total of 136 patients will be scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. Patients will allocated into four groups according to surgical position (Group T or Group RT) and the use of processed electroencephalogram monitoring (Group TBIS and Group RTBIS). Intraoperative depth of anesthesia will be maintained either by titration guided by processed electroencephalogram indices or according to standard clinical parameters. Extubation time, recovery time, length of stay in the PACU, postoperative pain scores, patient comfort, level of sedation, incidence of delirium, and lengths of hospital and intensive care unit stay will be recorded.
adult patients aged 18-75 yr, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, and scheduled for elective laparoscopic abdominal surgery with an anticipated duration of at least 1 h
if they had a history of neuropsychiatric disorders, neuromuscular disease, severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease, upper respiratory tract infection within the preceding 14 days, body mass index (BMI) >40 kg m-², alcohol or substance abuse, previous bronchospasm, anticipated difficult tracheal intubation, previous tracheostomy, laryngeal disease or surgery, ASA physical status ≥III, or an actual surgical duration of less than 1 h
Crossover
Bispectral index monitoring
DeviceGroup TBIS: Trendelenburg position with BIS monitoring. Group T: Trendelenburg position without BIS monitoring. Group RTBIS: Reverse Trendelenburg position with BIS monitoring. Group RT: Reverse Trendelenburg position without BIS monitoring.
Shorter recovery times following surgery
The primary hypothesis was that routine pEEG monitoring would be associated with shorter recovery times following surgery
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